analysis worksheet-soc3750

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CRITICAL ANALYSIS WORK SHEET Name: Student #: Note: Please use Times New Roman in 12 pt. font. Full Citation of the article (including author(s), title, source, year, pages etc. Lasnier, B., Brochu, S., Boyd, N., & Fischer, B. (2010). A heroin prescription trial: Case studies from Montreal and Vancouver on crime and disorder in the surrounding neighbourhoods. The International Journal of Drug Policy, 21(1), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.04.003 Summary of Reading: (100 words max) This study examines how the "NAOMI" heroin prescription trial has affected local crime and disorder rates. This clinical investigation, which was started in 2005 in Vancouver and Montreal, was designed to evaluate the efficacy of heroin- assisted treatment (HAT) in Canada. Although prior studies in other areas have demonstrated a considerable decrease in crime among participants, there is a larger worry that HAT clinics, like other interventions aimed at street drug users, may unintentionally encourage crime and disorder in their neighbourhood. Critics contend that these clinics can attract unwanted behaviour linked to the culture of street drugs, which could have detrimental effects on the neighbourhood. Main Idea #1 : Quote with page number ( 30 words max.) Drug dependence and its repercussions represent a significant issue, most notably, its impacts on health care and law enforcement (Lasnier et al., p.28). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max) This idea relates to the narrative of the article as it states that the illicit use of drugs and the individuals that rely on these drugs, directly affect the police force, in this case, specifically in Montreal and Vancouver. Main Idea #2 : Quote with page number (30 words max.) Aside from the concerns about the methadone issue itself, is the fear of causing a honeypot effect. This could generate changes in the rates of crime in the surrounding areas (Lasnier et al., p.28). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max.) This relates to the article narrative as the referral to the “honeypot” effect means provoking an increase in the number of drug users, buyers and sellers in the area. This would directly affect the police in Montreal where the clinic is as the criminal activity would increase.

Main Idea #3 : Quote with page number ( 30 words max) The focus is not on those using the heroin or methadone, but the impact of the clinics on the surrounding neighborhoods and any substantial flux in the rate of illegal activity (Lasnier et al., p.29). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max) The narrative focus of the article is on providing care through the NAOMI trial, while still preserving the nature of the neighborhoods and not increasing the crime rates. This idea relates as it reiterates the importance of providing safe spaces for those dealing with substance abuse and prioritizing public safety. What implications can be derived from this article? These are different from conclusions and should be based on what might happen if we accept the arguments made by the author(s). (100 words max) Implications that can be drawn from the article are that even though resources like safe injection sites and drug prescription trials can be beneficial, they do have downsides as well. They are fiscally advantageous for the municipality and provide an outlet to help control issues surrounding drug and substance abuse, they can also increase crime rates. Individuals may be more likely to participate in illicit drug use and distribution in the areas of the clinics and sites because they assume criminal activity is more likely to be accepted. Name: Alexis Michea Student #: 1179758 Note: Please use Times New Roman in 12 pt. font. Full Citation of the article (including author(s), title, source, year, pages etc. Jozaghi, E., Reid, A. A., & Andresen, M. A. (2013). A cost- benefit/cost-effectiveness analysis of proposed supervised injection facilities in Montreal, Canada. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention and Policy , 8 (1), 25–25. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-8-25 Summary of Reading: (100 words max) With an increase in drug use on the streets, this in turn leads to more overdoses and the spread of infectious diseases such as HIV and HCV. This is a result of injection drug users using compromised needles. This article highlights the chronic problem that is injection drug use and the strain it puts on the police force. The spread of infectious diseases is especially high in large urban areas such as Montreal. It is concluded that supervised injection sites would be the ideal solution to eliminate the stress on the Montreal police, while offering effective resources for those struggling with substance abuse.

Main Idea #1 : Quote with page number ( 30 words max.) In Montreal, Quebec for example, the IDU population has been estimated at between 4,300 and 12,500 individuals (Jozaghi et al., p. 1). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max) This idea relates to this article as it highlights the increasingly high number of injection drug users in Montreal. It can only be inferred how many police resources are being used for this issue. With the introduction of Safe Injection Facilities, this would alleviate some of that strain and distribute resources. Main Idea #2 : Quote with page number (30 words max.) In fact, HIV and HCV prevalence rates for IDUs in Montreal have been estimated to be as high as 18 percent and 68 percent, respectively (Jozaghi et al., p. 1). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max.) This idea relates to the narrative of the article because it demonstrates the need for something more than just first- response resources for injection drug use in Montreal. If well over half of IDUs contract Hepatitis C, it shows the benefits that decreasing those numbers would have. Main Idea #3 : Quote with page number ( 30 words max) Further, the implementation of additional SIFs would serve a as a fiscally responsible course of action and benefit the health care system. (Jozaghi et al., p. 7). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max) This main idea discusses how SIFs would be beneficial. With the implementation of SIFs, it would provide a safe resource for injection drug users as well as create government revenue which in turn can be used as funding for organizations like the police force. What implications can be derived from this article? These are different from conclusions and should be based on what might happen if we accept the arguments made by the author(s). (100 words max) Though not specifically stated in the article, the revenue to be generated from the implementation of SIFs in Montreal can greatly benefit the police force in multiple ways. There would be a great financial gain as there would be a diversion of resources. The police can reallocate resources that would have been used for arrests for lower-level drug offences. It also helps to improve community relations as police can help demonstrate a commitment to public well-being as well as build trust between the community and the police. Name: Alexis Michea Student #: 1179758 Note: Please use Times New Roman in 12 pt. font. Full Citation of the article (including author(s), title, source, year, pages etc. Mikhail, A., Tanoli, O., Légaré, G., Dubé, P.-A., Habel, Y., Lesage, A., Low, N. C. P., Lamarre, S., Singh, S., & Rahme, E. (2019). Over-the-Counter Drugs and Other Substances Used in Attempted Suicide Presented to Emergency

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Departments in Montreal, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Study. Crisis : the Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 40(3), 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227- 5910/a000545 Summary of Reading: (100 words max) The study investigates suicide attempts in Montreal's emergency departments between 2009 and 2010. Among 369 cases, 49 percent involved overdose, with 47 percent using over the counter (OTC) drugs. Acetaminophen was the most common OTC drug, and suicide prevention strategies controlling its sales were discussed. Women and those with medical comorbidities were more likely to overdose, while substance use disorder was associated with a lower likelihood. The study provides valuable insights into the characteristics of suicide attempts, emphasizing the role of OTC drugs like acetaminophen. Main Idea #1 : Quote with page number ( 30 words max.) In Canada, in 2009, self-poisoning was the leading suicide method used by women, and the second most common method used by men. Several Canadian studies have found over the counter (OTC) drugs to be the most frequently used substances among those who self-poison (Mikhail et al., p 166). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max) The idea aligns with the article's focus on suicide attempts in Quebec, emphasizing the prevalence of self-poisoning and the prominent role of OTC drugs, particularly acetaminophen. The study underscores the need for monitoring OTC drug accessibility to address suicide risk effectively. Main Idea #2 : Quote with page number (30 words max.) Published studies addressing the epidemiology of attempted suicide have relied on self-report and therefore suffer from participation and self-report biases and difficulty in interpreting suicide definition that ranged from suicidal ideation to attempts requiring medical attention (Mikhail et al., p 167). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max.) The article highlights limitations in existing suicide attempt studies, citing reliance on self-reporting, introducing biases and challenges in interpreting varying definitions. This emphasizes the need for more in-depth methodologies, aligning with the broader narrative on understanding and preventing suicide. Essentially, there needs to be better data tracking for suicides. Main Idea #3 : Quote with page number ( 30 words max) In total, 5,746 patient charts were retrieved, 369 of which were deemed true suicide attempts and were fully re- viewed.

Among these, 181 (49%) involved toxic ingestions (OD group) and the remainder were attempts involving more violent methods (Mikhail et al., p 168). How does this idea relate to the narrative in the article? ( 50 words max) This data shows that suicide attempts can’t just be grouped into one category, thus proving the idea that a deeper data collection system is necessary to understand the numbers and statistics behind suicide rates effectively. This shows that the methods and characteristics of suicide attempts are just as important to know. What implications can be derived from this article? These are different from conclusions and should be based on what might happen if we accept the arguments made by the author(s). (100 words max) The article suggests that suicide attempts using OTC drugs, particularly acetaminophen, are prevalent, posing a significant public health concern. Controlling access to these drugs may reduce suicide risk. The study emphasizes the need for strategies addressing OTC drug accessibility, given their everyday use in suicide attempts. The findings highlight associations between patient characteristics (e.g., gender, comorbidities) and overdose attempts, guiding preventive interventions. However, challenges in studying suicide attempts include biases from self-reporting and varying definitions. Overall, the implications underscore the importance of targeted prevention measures to reduce OTC drug-related suicide attempts, emphasizing public health and regulatory considerations.