Report 5 (1)

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Florida Atlantic University *

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PHY2049L

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Experiment 5: RC time constant Student name: Juliana Dupuy Pre-lab section: 1) Introduction: Explain the theory behind this experiment in a paragraph between 150 and 250 words . (1.0 points) This experiment helps us to evaluate voltage fluctuations during the charging and discharging of a capacitor and analyze the RC circuit's time constant. I should be able to visually inspect the charges and discharges of a capacitor. The pace at which an uncharged capacitor charges up slows down with time when a DC voltage source is put across it. Because there isn't much charge on the plates initially, charging the capacitor is simple. However, because the plates already have charges of the same sign, the battery must do more work as the plates gather charge for new charges. Therefore, the capacitor charges exponentially, starting out fast and increasing in slowness as it approaches full charge. The charge on the plates at any time is given by q = q0(1 - e-t/RC) = q0(1 - e-t/f). where q0 is the maximum charge and t = RC is the capacitive time constant (R is resistance and C is capacitance). In this experiment, the charge on the capacitor is measured indirectly by the voltage: q = CV. At time T = t = RC, the voltage across the capacitor has grown to: V = Vo (1- e-1) = 0.63 V, where To is the maximum voltage. When a fully charged capacitor is discharged through a resistor, the voltage across the capacitor decreases with time: V=V0e- t/RC=V0e-t/t. After a time, t = 7 = RC, the voltage across the capacitor has decreased to a value: V = V0e-1=V0/e 0.37 Vo.t. 2) Hypothesis: In an If /Then statement, highlight the purpose of the experiment. (0.5 points) If we know the value of the capacitors, resistor, and voltage then we can be able to figure it out the electrical potential between the components at any time. Post-lab section: 3) Discussion: In a paragraph between 100 and 150 words , explain what you learned from the results obtained in the experiment . What conclusion can you draw from the results of this lab assignment? (1.0 points) As we can see in Table 2, the experimental and theoretical values of the RC time constant were quite similar. For instance, the measurement 2 experimental value was .016, while the theoretical value was.006. The experimental RC time constant was determined by the equation T exp = t2- t1. Finally, errors could have occurred throughout the experiment, most likely due to human error or due to an old equipment. Examples of these mistakes include incorrect circuit setup, program settings for frequency, voltage, and time, and simple math errors. However, the experimental and theoretical time constants were close to each other, indicating that the experiment was successful. 4) Conclusion: In one sentence, compare the results of the experiment with your Hypothesis. Why? (0.5 point)

I was right; we can also determine the rate at which the capacitor will reach its maximum voltage and anticipate the rate at which it will release that voltage. (3 points) 5) Data Analysis: Attach an image of the data and instruction pages containing tables with final calculated values, figures, plots, charts and responses to questions or specified calculations here. (11 points)

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6) Calculations: Attach an image all your calculation pages here . (2 point) This should include: Table 2: Theoretical Time Constants: (1 point) % error of exp & theory time constants: (1 point) Calculation guidelines: i . Label calculations for each table. ii. Write out formulas before plugging in measured values. iii. Values plugged into the formulas must contain units and proper number of significant figures (units must be written out throughout calculations). iv. Final calculated values recorded in tables and calculation pages must contain units and proper number of significant figures. All work for calculations must be shown to receive credit for data analysis . 7) End of Experiment Questions: Attach an image of the lab manual pages containing your responses to the end of experiment questions here. (4 points) This should include: Question 1: 0.25 point Question 2: 0.25 point Question 3: Each part (a-k) is worth ~0.3 pts – calculations must be included for this question following calculation guidelines. Images of calculations may be included in additional paper after the lab manual pages. Lab reports must be written individually by each student from beginning to end. No credit will be given for copied work.

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