solar-design-lab-report

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Midland College *

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1402

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Lab 9 – Residential Solar Power Design – Lab Report Name: Show all your calculations – failure to do so will result in grade reductions. 1. Determine your Midland Solar Power System size (in kilowatts – kW) (Procedure 2): Average Monthly Utility Grid Usage ÷ Monthly Peak Sun Hours 5 daily peak sun hours x 30 days= 150 monthly peak sun hours 1202 kWh ÷ 150 monthly peak sun hours = 8.01 kW round to 8 kW 2. Calculate the number of rooftop panels required (Procedure 3): Solar Power System size (in watts) ÷ panel size (in watts) 8 kW x 1000 = 8000 watts 8000 watts ÷ 255 watts =31.37 solar panels round to 32 solar panels 3. Calculate the Actual System Size (Procedure 3C) Number of panels * 255 (to 3 decimals) 32 solar panels x 255 watts =8160 watts or Actual System Size of 8.160 kW What would the Actual System Size be for the rooftop picture in the PowerPoint file, slide 13 (in kW, to 3 decimals)?? 42 solar panels x 255 watts =10,710 watts or Actual System Size 10.710 kW 4. Define/Describe the following components of a Residential Net Metering On-Grid Solar Power System (descriptions can be found in the Introduction of the Lab Exercise ) A. Solar Panels: Convert the solar energy from sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity using photovoltaic (PV) cells. B. Inverter: Converts the solar electricity produced by the solar panel array from DC to alternating current (AC) for use in the home. C. Bidirectional Meter (Net Meter): Measures either the incoming energy being used from the utility grid, or the surplus energy from the solar power system that goes back to the utility grid. 5. Construct a rooftop configuration of your solar panels on Appendix A. (Procedure 5). Don’t forget to number each panel . ENVR 1402 Lab Lab 9 – Residential Solar Power - 1

Lab 9 – Residential Solar Power Design Lab – Lab Report 6. Compare the monthly data between your (first table of the Excel file) (Procedure 6): A. Which months (and their values) showed a surplus of solar energy production? Jan: 449 Feb: 494 Mar: 747 Apr: 662 May: 377 Nov: 226 Dec: 319 B. Which months (and their values) showed a deficit of solar energy production? June: -197 Jul: -760 Aug: -790 Sep: -705 Oct: - 203 C. For the Total Year (surplus/deficit column), did the solar power system have to purchase energy from the utility grid? If not, then using the annual utility grid costs as the savings, due to not using the grid, calculate the payout in years for being able to rely exclusively on the solar power system (and not the utility grid) (Procedure 6E): Capital costs of the solar power system ÷ Total Annual savings of not using the utility grid 8160 watts x $5 = $40,800 $40,800 ÷ 1642.01 = 24.85 years payout time 7. Compare the monthly data between your Northern City Solar Power System and the Northern City Utility Grid (second table of the Excel file) (Procedure 7): A. What was the northern city ( and zip code ) assigned to you? Freeport, ME 04032 B. Which months (and their values) showed a surplus of solar energy production? Apr: 13 May: 319 Jun: 493 Jul: 586 Aug: 555 Sep: 311 ENVR 1402 Lab Lab 9 - 2

Lab 9 – Residential Solar Power Design Lab – Lab Report C. Which months (and their values) showed a deficit of solar energy production? Jan: -1,509 Feb: -1137 Mar: -504 Oct: -609 Nov: -259 Dec: -1,652 D. For the Total Year (surplus/deficit column), did the solar power system have to purchase energy from the utility grid? If so, calculate the amount owed to the utility company to pull electricity from the utility grid. (Procedure 7G): Total kWh deficit x $/kWh 3393 Total kWh deficit x $.11/kWh= $373.23 Owed to utility 8. Compare the annual data between the Midland Solar Power System and your Northern City Solar Power System (Procedure 8): A. What are the latitudes for Midland? 32.05° N, Longitude 102.10° W B. What is the latitude for you r Northern City? 43.85° N, Longitude 70.10° W C. What it the percent difference in annual solar output from the system in Midland versus your northern city – calculation: (Midland annual solar output – Northern City annual solar output) ÷ Midland annual solar output in kWh) x 100 Midland: 15,044 kWh/Year Freeport, ME: 11,031 kWh/Year ((15,044 kWh/Year - 11,031 kWh/Year) ÷ 15,044 kWh/Year x 100 = 26.67% difference in solar production between Midland and Freeport, ME. ENVR 1402 Lab Lab 9 - 3

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9. C onstruct a line graph of the monthly kWh data for the following three datasets: the Midland utility grid, your Midland solar data and your northern city solar data . Graph the months of the year on the x-axis (horizontal) the kWh energy values on the y-axis (vertical). Make sure you scale and label each axis and title each axis with the appropriate units (as needed). Also, title the graph . Differentiate each of the three datasets by some identifiable means, like different colored lines, or dashed –vs- solid –vs- dotted lines, etc. Label the kWh value above each data point . (Procedure 9) Graph Title: Solar Energy in Midland Compared to the Northern US

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