Lab2 - Ohms Law and Equivalent Resistance-1-Updated

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Apr 3, 2024

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1 EENG 1910: Introduction to Electrical Engineering Lab 2: Ohm’s Law and Equivalent Resistance I. Objectives • Verify basic concepts of Ohm’s law. • Familiarize yourself with the computation of equivalence resistance. • Familiarize yourself with wiring up simple circuits on a breadboard. II. Pre-lab Assignments 1. Review the lab Safety Policies, the power supply manual, and the digital multimeter (DMM) manuals. 2. Review the lecture materials and write down the formulae necessary to perform the required calculations. 3. Calculate the equivalent resistances of circuits shown in Figures 1.1 and 1.2 and enter your results in the “Calculated Values” column in Table 1. 4. Calculate the equivalent resistances of circuits shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2 and enter your results in the “Calculated Values” row in Table 2. 5. Calculate V1, V2, and I1 in the circuit shown in Figure 3.2 and enter your values under the “Calculated Values” row in Table 3. III. Lab Experiments Introduction to the Breadboard The solder-less breadboard (sometimes called a protoboard) is the most common type of prototyping circuit board. Prototyping a circuit is the process of creating a model suitable for complete evaluation of its design and performance. A typical breadboard has two terminal strips and four bus strips as shown in Figure 0.1. Each bus strip has two rows of contacts (along the red and blue lines on the board). Each of the two rows of contacts on the bus strips are a node. That is, every contact along a row on a bus strip is connected, inside the breadboard . Bus strips are used primarily for power supply connections and grounding but are also used for any node requiring a large number of connections. Each terminal strip has 60 rows and 5 columns of contacts on each side of the center gap. Each row of 5 contacts is a node. You will build your circuits on the terminal strips by inserting the leads of circuit components into the contact. Hence, it is a good idea to use the red and black wire for the power supply connections and connecting them to a bus strip. The metal strips in the breadboard are laid out as shown in Figure 0.2.

2 Figure 0.1. Schematic view of the protoboard with components plugged into it. Figure 0.2. Illustration of connection layout of the contacts of a protoboard. Experiment 1 Title: Determination of the equivalent resistance. Objective: In this experiment you will learn how to use a breadboard to wire a circuit and measure the equivalent resistance. Procedure: 1. Select the resistors needed to wire the circuit in Figure 1.1 from the resistors provided to you. 2. Wire the circuit as shown in the figure. 3. Measure the equivalent resistance of the serial combination and write it down in Table 1. 4. Repeat 1 through 3 for the parallel combination circuit in Figure 1.2.

3 R1 R2 R3 R S → Figure 1.1. Serial combination of resistors. R3 Figure 1.2. Parallel combination of resistors. Table 1: Results of Experiment 1. Calculated Value Measured Value R S R P Experiment 2 Title: Determination of the equivalent resistance. Objective: In this experiment you will learn how to use a breadboard to wire a circuit and measure the equivalent resistance. Procedure: 1. Select the resistors needed to wire the circuit in Figure 2.1. 2. Wire the circuit as shown in the figure. 3. Measure the resistance across different terminals as specified in Table 2. 4. Repeat 1 through 3 for the circuit shown in Figure 2.2. 1.2k 2.2k 470 1.2 K R P

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4 A a C 1.2k B 2.2k R1 470 R3 c 1.2k R2 2.2k b Figure 2.1. Wye connection of resistors. Figure 2.2. Delta connection of resistors. Table 2: Results of Experiment 2. R AB R BC R CA R ab R bc R ca Calculated Value Measured Value Experiment 3 Title: Ohm’s law. Objective: In this experiment you will connect the power supply to a basic circuit and verify the Ohm’s law. + V1 - R1 2.2k Vs 10V + R2 V2 1.2k - Figure 3.1 A single-loop circuit. Ra 47 Rc Rb 470 0

5 Procedure: 1. Configure the power supply to output +10V. Make sure to connect an output terminal to the ground on the front panel of the power supply. 2. Turn off the power supply. Wire the circuit on the breadboard as shown in the Figure. 3.1. 3. Turn on the power supply and check to see if the output voltage is correct. 4. Configure DMM to measure voltage. 5. Measure the voltages across the two resistors, V1 and V2, and record your measurement results in Table 3. 6. Turn off the power supply. 7. Configure the DMM to measure current. + V1 - R1 2.2k Vs + R2 V2 10V I1 1.2k - A Figure 3.2. Circuit with an Ammeter connected. 8. Wire the circuit on the breadboard as shown in Figure 3.2. 9. Turn on the power supply. 10. Record the value of current I1 in Table 3. 11. Place the ammeter in other parts of the circuit and take note of the values of the current. 12. Turn off and disconnect the power supply and the multimeter after you are finished with each of the experiments. Table 3: Results of Experiment 3. V1 V2 I1 Calculated Value Measured Value

6 IV. Post-lab Assignments Prepare and submit Lab 2 report with discussion/answer on the following items: a. Comparison between the calculated values and the measured values for Experiment 1. b. Comparison between the calculated values and the measured values for Experiment 2. c. Comparison between the calculated values and the measured values for Experiment 3. d. Is the current I1 the same throughout the entire circuit? Explain. e. Your learning experiences. Lab Monitor Initials : (Once you are done with all the lab experiments, please get a signature from the instructor, the TA, or the lab monitor before leaving the laboratory classroom.)

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