Touchstone ppt

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Nov 24, 2024

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Facing Economic Change First and Last Name Date

Outline I. Topic II. Industrial Revolution III. Great Migration IV. Factory Work V. Post-WWII – Ending Difficult Years with Hopes VI. Making Connections – Now and the Future VII. Sources

What happens when the workplace changes? How can people adjust when the workplace changes and what lessons can we learn from the U.S. Industrial Revolution and the Information Age? Examples of such shifts in the course of US history include the transition to the Industrial Revolution, the transition from the Great Depression and the economy of World War II to the boom of the 1950s, and the advent of the Information Age, which we are currently in the midst of seeing. People adapted by relocating to locations with a greater number of work possibilities, enhancing their educational and professional profiles, and making adjustments to their lifestyles and careers. People needed to have a mindset that was adaptable, one that welcomed change and actively pursued new chances. In the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, European immigrants sought economic gain (Cweik, 2014). The New World went from a somewhat competent colonial economy to a tiny, autonomous agrarian economy to a sophisticated industrial economy. The U.S. developed increasingly complex organizations as it grew. Government meddling in the economy has been a consistent tendency, but it's become worse. Even experts find US economic systems complex and confusing. Customers, businesses, and governments drive the economy. Consumers spend money on company goods and services. These firms used the money to produce additional goods and pay their employees. Individuals and corporations invest in and distribute cash from the public sector. All industries may save and borrow money because of the financial system. Many stock markets allow clients to invest in the country's enterprises, which supports financial growth. US industry is a cyclical system that relies on interrelated interactions to achieve changes. The historical events that led to this structure are crucial to understanding why U.S. business is so powerful globally.

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Many Challenges : • People were tasked to make the transition from working on a farm or in a previous occupation to working in factories—a significant adjustment in every way—a new sort of job and environment. • Manufacturing facilities that have subpar working conditions and inadequate safety requirements. • Work performed by children; salaries that are, on average, too low; biases; new responsibilities.

How the lessons learnt from the U.S. Industrial Revolution will aid future workplace adaptations. • People will get to understand both the benefits and the drawbacks of the Industrial Revolution as they may be beneficial. • People will also demonstrate how they simplified processes and increased output in some way in work places. • It demonstrated how the workers banded together as one to advocate for improved working conditions and conditions overall. • The revolution will help demonstrate that some employees are content to work longer than eight hours despite the management's repeated requests that employees not be required to put in overtime beyond eight hours.

The Industrial Revolution 1915–1940: African Americans moving from Jim Crow states in the south to new manufacturing positions in northern states. Approximately 1.5 million African Americans fled the South for Northern cities between 1910 and 1940; however, this movement slowed to a trickle in the decade after the 1929 stock market crisis. With the United States' entry into World War II on the horizon, however, the flight of blacks from the South continued. Another 1.5 million African Americans departed the South between 1940 and 1950. During the subsequent twenty years, the migration continued at a similar rate. By 1970, almost five million African Americans had made the voyage, and the map of black America's geography had been dramatically altered. Approximately one in seven black Southerners relocated to the north or west. Both their origin and destination locations deviated from previous trends.

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The Great Migration The massive migration of African Americans from the countryside to the cities and from the South to the North that took place during World War I and in the decade that followed brought about irrevocable shifts in the economic, political, social, and cultural lives of black people in the United States. The Great Migration was, up to that time, the biggest internal migration of black people that had ever been caused by their own free will. It is rather odd that historians have not assigned a separate name to the period of time during and after World War II that was a continuation of the Great Migration. In point of fact, many people believe that it is nothing more than a continuation of the previous movement, which had a little lull in its momentum due to the Great Depression. However, this second enormous exodus from the South deserved its own identity in many respects since it was larger, more prolonged, distinct in personality and path, and resulted in an even more profound and long- lasting shift in American life than its more well-known predecessor. By the time World War II came to a conclusion, significant changes had taken place among the black community. The vast majority of black people now lived in cities. African Americans were a more urbanized population than whites in 1970, the year that marked the end of the second Great Migration (Learn from the Past, Prepare for the Future, 2020) . More than 80 percent of African Americans lived in cities, compared to 70 percent for the general population of the United States. Additionally, 53 percent of African Americans still resided in the South, while 40 percent lived in the Northeast and North Central states, and 7 percent lived in the West. This meant that African Americans were a more urbanized population than whites.

Factory Work As a result of the United States' entry into World War II, there was an immediate demand for greater levels of both the production and provision of various commodities and services. Within a few of weeks, the nation altered its direction and began retooling its existing industries to better meet the requirements of the war. For the sake of the war, the United States needed to manufacture an increased quantity of airplanes, ships, vehicles, cannons, and ammunition (National Child Labor Committee Collection—Images— Child Labor—Accidents 1908–1924, n.d.). Work in a factory and acquiring new skills, requires mastery of specific tasks, close supervision, and boredom; it was located in new regions; certain factories, like Ford, pay generously; productivity was necessary.

WWII and the Economy The United States had seen difficult times before, but never has an economic crisis lasted so long or caused so much damage as the downturn that followed the 1929 stock market crash. After over a decade of seeming success, the economy collapsed. People abruptly ceased borrowing and purchasing. Economies based on debt-financed purchasing offered less products. When reduced pricing failed to attract enough customers to generate a profit, retailers fired off employees to reduce labor expenses. With so many unemployed and without money, stores sold even less, lowered their prices further, and then laid off even more employees, creating a vicious downward spiral. Four years after the collapse, the Great Depression reached its lowest point: roughly one-quarter of Americans who sought a job could not find one, and more than half of those who did had to settle for part-time labor. Farmers were unable to earn enough money from their crops to justify harvesting. In the fields of a famished country, food rotted. The needy depleted any money they had, resorted to their family, and sought aid from charitable organizations. Soon, they were all drained. Unemployed employees and cash-strapped farmers failed to repay their loans, including their mortgages. When banks that were already overextended and bereft of income folded, they took savings accounts with them. Fearful spectators requested their deposits from their respective banks. Banks that could have otherwise survived the crisis succumbed to fear and failed.

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Making Connections-Now and Future In recent decades, the information era has supplanted the age of industrialization. As a result, there are now new sorts of workplaces and new forms of employment. In some cases, the old work places have been replaced, while in other cases, they have been modified. Important Takeaways for Both Now and the Future 1. Embrace economic change rather than resisting it; anticipate change; acknowledge that change is frequently challenging but that you are capable of navigating it (Sir I Will Thank You with All My Heart”: Seven Letters from the Great Migration, n.d). 2. Actively seek opportunities; be aware of your capabilities and limitations; sell yourself. 3. Seek education and training in new types of work environments and new skills. 4. Develop the characteristic of agility, which includes the willingness to change, relocate, and so on, as well as the ability to change.

Sources 1. Cweik, S. (2014, January 27). The Middle Class Took Off 100 Years Ago ... Thanks to Henry Ford?. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2014/01/27/267145552/the-middle-class-took-off-100-years-ago- thanks-to-henry-ford 2. Learn from the Past, Prepare for the Future. (2020). Strategic Education, Inc. https://www.webtexts.com 3. National Child Labor Committee Collection—Images—Child Labor—Accidents (1908–1924). (n.d.). Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/pictures/related/?q=Accidents.&fi=subjects&co=nclc 4. “Sir I Will Thank You with All My Heart”: Seven Letters from the Great Migration . (n.d.). History Matters. http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5332/

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