IT-FP2280 Assessment 2

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FP2280

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Jan 9, 2024

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Figure 1.1: ipconfig
Figure 1.2: Updated internet protocol properties
Figure 1.3: ping Figure 2.1: Physical network topology
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Figure2.2: Mesh Topology Figure 2.3: Star Topology
Figure 2.4: Bus Topology Figure 2.5: Ring Topology
Different IP strategies The two main IP addressing strategies are IPv4 and IPv6. IPv4 was the first stable version of internet protocol. IPv6 is intended to replace IPv4. Most engineers will currently run these together. As Hiley states (2023), “without IP addresses, the internet would be impossible”. Which is why IP addressing is so important. The reason that IPv6 was created was due to the concern that the world was in danger of running out of IPv4 addresses. One issue with IPv6 is that currently, implantation can lead to leaks and security issues. One big difference between IPv4 and IPv6 is that IPv6 uses a 128-bit hexadecimal configuration whereas IPv4 only uses 32-buit numerical numbers. This means that there are a lot more IP addresses that can be created using IPv6. Another pro is routing is made more efficient by reducing the size of the routing tables. Another pro according to Hiles (2023) is, “auto- configuration means that configuration tasks, such as IP address assignment and device numbering can take place automatically”. As for IPv4 one of the pros is that is it much simpler. The addresses are easier to read and remember. Also, currently the majority of websites use IPv4 so it has the infrastructure. However, there are quite a few cons. Such as, as stated above the possibility of running our of IP addresses. IPv4 can only support a max of about 4 billion IP addresses. Compared to IPv6 that is a very small quantity. With IPv4 having more stability than IPv6 due to being around longer moving to IPv6 as been slow going. Network Topologies Network topology is the physical or logical arrangement of nodes (computers, switches, routers, cloud, etc.) and the connections between them. In other words, the physical topology is
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the blueprint for the network. There are quite a few different topologies that are in use today but the most common ones are bus, ring, star, and mesh topologies. According to Keary (2023), “the bus type of network topology is often referred to as line topology. Data is transmitted in one direction only”. Bus topology is becoming outdated, and it is now rare to find a company using it but some smaller networks could still be using it. This is because of its simplicity. Another topology that is becoming outdated is the ring topology. In this topology computers are connected to each other in a circular format. This means that every device on the network will have 2 neighbors. With this type of topology information would need to go through every node to make it to their final destination. This causes issues if you ever need to reorganize the network as you would have to do a full system shutdown. According to Keary (2023), in a ring topology, “failure of one node can take the entire network out of operation”. One topology that is still widely used today is the star topology. This is because each node is connected to one central switch. This means that the network can be managed from one location. The star topology also gives another layer of protection against failure. This is because if one node goes out then the rest of the nodes are not affected and can remain operational. With the star topology it is easy to add and remove nodes but, because there is only one switch this does limit the number of nodes that can be connected. Finally, you have the mesh topology. This is the most widely used topology currently in use. This is because with this topology all nodes are interconnected. Meaning that there are no single points of failure. According to Keary (2023), the absence of a single point of failure is one of the reasons why this is a popular topology choice”. The only con of the mesh topology is that it is very complex. Therefore, it takes a lot of time, effort, and money to configure and keep monitoring.
Topologies are essential for administrators. They can be used to determine the best placement of each node. It can also be used to define the best path for traffic flow. Topologies also help administrators locate the origin of issues and what needs to be fixed in order to get that node back up and operational. This then helps the network improve its data transfers. As for network addressing, this is just as important. Network addressing allows the communication between different devices on the network.
References Hiley, C. (2023, November 15). IPv4 vs IPv6: The Difference Explained . CyberNews. https://cybernews.com/what-is-vpn/ipv4-vs-ipv6/ Keary, T. (2023, November 20). Network Topology: 6 Network Topologies Explained [Including Diagrams] . Comparitech. https://www.comparitech.com/net-admin/network-topologies- advantages-disadvantages/
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