PHYS 52 LAB 6

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San Jose State University *

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Computer Science

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Dec 6, 2023

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Uploaded by albertkim1023

Albert Kim and Jose Navarro SJSU ID: 015782780 Professor Santhanakrishnan 5 October 2023 Lab 6: Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors & Lenses Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to examine how convex lenses and concave mirrors behave. Project 1: For the first experiment, we set out to measure the focal length and magnification of a lens through the simulation. Calculations: 1 𝑠 + 1 𝑠' = 1 𝑓 The relationship between object distance (s), image distance(s’) and focal length (f) 𝑓 = 𝑅 2 The formula giving focal length of spherical mirror ? =− 𝑠' 𝑠 The formula for lateral magnification

Results: Figure 1: Results from multiple trials of the experiment at different distances Figure 2: Displaying linear relationship between values 1 𝑠 𝑎?𝑑 1 𝑠' Analyzing the plot of the image's magnification and the item are clearly related, as shown. ? ?' The image is magnified more dramatically the closer you are to the lens. where 1 represents a magnification of 100.

Ray tracing: Figure 3: Tracing of the first two values found in figure 1 Project 2: In this experiment we set out to find the average focal length of a spherical mirror and compare our results to the expected focal length. Results: Figure 4: results obtained from simulation. Goal to calculate average focal length

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Figure 5: Relationship between s’ and s measured in cm Ray tracing: Figure 6: Tracing of object between F and R, and Object at R

The shown focus point would be located at 100 cm according to the relationship's 𝑓 = 𝑅 2 expected focal length. Figure 4 shows a variety of measurements that closely match the results we anticipated. Excel calculated a percent inaccuracy of 1.2 percent. This is an excellent outcome that is quite accurate. We discovered when experimenting with the simulation that if your object is put extremely near and to the right of the focal point (closer to the mirror approximately 90 cm away from the mirror), it will work best. You end up with an upright image that has nearly all of its size increased. The mirror that people use to remove hair or apply makeup comes to mind as an example. Project 3 Convex Mirror Figure 7: Image displaying convex mirror (1)

Figure 8: Image displaying convex mirror (2) Figure: Image displaying convex mirror (3) As we move back and forward observed in the simulation and the images above. We can see that the virtual does not invert. But, there is an effect on the magnification of the virtual image. As the object moves closer the image gets magnified. As the object moves away the image shrinks.

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Concave Lens Figure 10: Image displaying concave lens (1) Figure 11: Image displaying concave lens (2)

Figure 12: Image displaying concave lens (3) The similar behavior is observable. As we go back and forth, the simulation and the pictures above may be seen. The virtual does not invert, as is evident. The virtual image's magnification, however, is affected. The image enlarges as the item draws nearer. The image gets smaller as the object recedes. With concave lenses, the only difference is that the virtual picture is on the same side as the object. The virtual images were generally seen appearing on separate sides of our mirror or lens. The virtual picture is on the same side of the lenses as it is on the opposite side of a convex mirror. The trait that these two mediums share is that when an object is brought near to them, they both amplify it. Conclusion: We were able to effectively examine the behavior of lenses and mirrors in this experiment. In addition to magnification effects, we were able to see the relationships between the item and the image. Furthermore, we were successful in predicting a spherical mirror's focal point with accuracy. Although it was not ideal to have to complete this online, we were still able to learn new information that applies to actual objects, like makeup business products.

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