Week5_Tutorial5_ICT303_T223

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T2 2023: ICT303 Professional Ethics in Computing Tutorial 5 Topic: Intellectual Property Submission: Save your work. Type the answers in a Word file and submit in Tutorial 5 submission link by Sunday midnight of this week. Part A: Answer the following questions: • A plane makes an emergency crash landing on a deserted tropical island. Two dozen survivors must fend for themselves until help arrives. All of them are from large cities, and none of them has camping experience. The survivors find it impossible to gather enough food, and everyone begins losing weight. One person spends a lot of time by himself and figures out how to catch fish. He brings fish back to camp. Others ask him to teach them how to catch fish. He refuses but offers to share the fish he has caught with the other passengers if they take care of the other camp chores, such as hauling fresh water, gathering firewood, and cooking. Debate the morality of the bargain proposed by the fisherman. One group should explain why the fisherman’s position is morally wrong. The other group should explain why the fisherman’s position is morally acceptable. In the fisher man's favour: He did not teach others to catch fish because he bargained to not participate in other chores but will provide food in exchange for the chores done. He does not deserve to do all the chores and teach people to survive as well. In other peoples' favour: What the fishing guy did was an act of selfishness. He did not teach the people what he has learned and what was needed to survive for a small price of avoiding the daily chores. • What is the difference between a trademark and a trade secret? Trademarks are officially registered in the government, hence have the right to individuality provided by the legislation. Trade secrets are not officially recognised, hence they do not hold any legislative protection and totally dependent on their ability to maintain confidentiality. • Is it hopeless to try to protect intellectual property in digital media? No, it is not hopeless to try and protect intillectual property in digital
media if it has a trademark. If the object is officially registered by the government, one can seek protection provided by the same legislation. These properties are recognised and owned by a single individual and have the right to sue or compensate anyone if they seek to misuse it in their own content without the consent of the owner. • Do you believe intellectual property protection for music will grow stronger or weaker in the years to come? Justify your position. I believe the intellectual property protecton regarding music will probably end up getting more stronger as the digital market is expanding. It is the technological era and people are certainly more engaged in the digital market more than ever. Whether the market is music, movies or any other field. So with the increasing use of the digital market, the probability of people copying original content of other people is at high risk. Hence, more stronger laws and conditions will surely be implemented to ensure the safety of individual property online. • Do you believe the Google Books project is a fair use of copyrighted material? Justify your answer. I am not the owner of the books that are projected in the google books project, but the conditions that are met such as use of only small proportion of books or snippets that do not reveal the core of the book, the affect of this on the publisher's sales, and only small amount of other facilities provided by google fall under fair use. Hence, I think it is comlpying with fair use. • What are the ways that an individual or firm may protect intellectual property in the United States? Briefly describe the uses for each kind of intellectual property protection. US has lawfully covered almost most of the attributes that an online property can signify its individuality by. Some of these include trade mark, dress mark, copyright, etc. These are the essential factors that can be copied and used easliy in the digital market and laws regarding these factors are used to forbid the reuse of such creations. The owner can simply file a case if his/her property is being reused without their consent. • Suppose company A wants to develop a program that duplicates the functionality of a program made by company B. Describe how company A may do this without violating the copyrights held by company B. Company A has to avoid the trademarks of company B. These trademarks may include the name of the application, logo, theme, UI, etc and various other factors that makes company B unique in the digital market. • Why are patents considered an unreliable way of protecting intellectual property rights in software? Patents can be considered an unreliable way of protecting intellectual
propety rights in software because if only covers crtain aspects only for a certain amout of time. • Describe the concept of fair use. How has digital rights management affected fair use? Fair use is a simple aspect that protects the intellectuallity of a property online. On the other hand, it allows other users to make use of digital properties without hindering their originality. For instance, google books project uses snippets of various authors. Digital rights management has both negative and positive impact regarding the fair use. On one hand, it has limited access to a certain extent and provided digital locks. On the other hand, it has provided with digital licenses for the content creaters that one may use others intellectual property regarding certain factors such as education, etc. • Explain how advances in information technology have made it easier for consumers to violate copyright law. Development in information technology has mae it more easier for people to reproduce and redistribute the contents of others that may violate the copyright law. Use of smartphones has made it more easier for sharing content between peers. Use of cloud for anonymous distribution of copyrighted products is at high at the moment. There are various sites that provide the individual content that are in the market for free. • What does the term “digital rights management” mean? Describe three different technologies that have been used or proposed for digital rights management. The digital rights management are the terms and echniques used by the owner of the digital property that helps them protect the copyright of their property. They are as belows : Limited access and digital locks: Use of digital locks to prevent access of the property or limiting access to a certain level, hence one cannot copy the property. Use of digital signatures: The use of digital watermarking and signatures to ensure the significance of ones intellectuality. Use of reliable platforms: Use of certain platforms that ensure the safety of ones property online. Part B: In the rest of the tutorial class, complete your Ethical Analysis Assessment.
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