12-4d Hands-On Projects

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ITEC2221

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Dec 6, 2023

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Module Review 12-4d Hands-On Projects Note 12-10 Websites and applications change often. While the instructions given in these projects were accurate at the time of writing, you might need to adjust the steps or options according to later changes. Note to Instructors and Students: A rubric is provided for evaluating student performance on these projects. Please see Appendix D. Project 12-1 Work with Data in Event Viewer  Estimated Time: 20 minutes  Objective: Given a scenario, use the appropriate statistics and sensors to ensure network availability. (Obj. 3.1)Work with MAC addresses  Resources:  Windows 10 computer with administrative privileges  Context: In this module, you learned how to access and view event log information through the Event Viewer application in Windows 10. In this project, you will practice filtering the information contained in the log. As in the “Applying Concepts: Explore Event Viewer in Windows” project, you need a computer running Windows 10. Ideally, it should be a computer that has been used for a while, so that the event log contains several entries. It need not be connected to a network. However, you must be logged on to the computer as a user with administrator privileges. Complete the following steps:  1 Open Event Viewer. In the left pane, click the Custom Views arrow and then click Administrative Events. A list of Administrative Events appears in the center pane of the Event Viewer window. This log lists Critical, Error, and Warning events.  2 Suppose you want to find out whether your workstation has ever experienced trouble obtaining a DHCP-assigned IP address. In the Actions

pane (the pane on the right), in the Administrative Events section, click Find. The Find dialog box opens.  3 Type dhcp and then click Find Next.  4 What is the first DHCP-related event you find? When did it occur? What was the source of this event? Read the description of the event in the General tab to learn more about it. Note: If the computer did not find a DHCP event, first make sure the topmost record is selected before beginning your search to ensure that all the records are searched. If a DHCP event is still not found, search for a different kind of event such as DNS or Service Control Manager . Otherwise, choose another event at random.  5 Click Cancel to close the Find dialog box. Keep the event listing that you found highlighted.  6 Now suppose you want to be notified each time your workstation experiences this error. In the Actions pane, click Attach Task To This Event. The Create Basic Task Wizard dialog box opens.  7 In the Name text box, replace the default text with DHCP_my_computer or some other text appropriate for the type of event you’re saving. Click Next to continue.  8 You’re prompted to confirm the Log, Source, and Event ID for this error. Click Next to continue.  9 You’re prompted to indicate the type of action the operating system should take when this error occurs. Start a program is the only option not deprecated and should be selected by default. Click Next to continue.  10 Now you are asked to provide information about the program you want the system to open. Click the Browse button and find the cmd.exe file. The

default location for cmd.exe is C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe as shown in Figure 12-32 , although your location path might be different. Select the file and click Open . Click Next to continue. Figure 12-32 Create an action to start Command Prompt  11 A summary of your notification selections appears. Take a screenshot of your task configuration; submit this visual with your answers to this project’s questions. Click Finish to create the task and add it to the actions your operating system will perform.  12 An Event Viewer dialog box opens, alerting you that the task has been created. Click OK to confirm.  13 You can see the task you just created by opening Task Scheduler. Press Win + R and enter taskschd.msc .

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 14 In the Task Scheduler window, click the down arrow next to Task Scheduler Library and then click Event Viewer Tasks . Select the task you just created and answer the following questions: 1. In the lower pane, check the Security options section. Which user account will be used when the task runs? 2. Click Run in the Actions pane. What happens? 3. What command would keep this task from running without removing it from Task Scheduler?  15 You can now delete this task if you want. Close all open windows. Project 12-2 Configure SPAN and Syslog in Packet Tracer  Estimated Time: 45 minutes  Objective: Given a scenario, use the appropriate statistics and sensors to ensure network availability. (Obj. 3.1)Work with MAC addresses  Resources:  Packet Tracer  Context: In this module, you read about various ways to capture network traffic for analysis and monitoring. In this project, you’ll experiment with two of these technologies: SPAN on switches and a syslog server. Complete the following steps:  1 Open Packet Tracer. In your Packet Tracer workspace, add a 2960 switch and three PCs.  2 Configure static IP addresses on all three PCs within the same subnet. What IP addresses did you assign each PC?  3 Connect the PCs to the first three switch ports (FastEthernet 0/1 – 0/3). Wait for all connections to come up.

 4 In the bottom right corner, click Simulation . This opens the Simulation Panel.  5 By default, the simulation will display all messages from all protocols on the network once you start the simulation—you can see a list of applicable filters in the Event List Filters – Visible Events section. For this project, you only want to see ICMP messages. At the bottom of the Simulation Panel, click Show All/None , which clears all visible event types. Click Edit Filters . In the PacketTracer7 filters window, check the box on the IPv4 tab for ICMP . Close the PacketTracer7 filters window. Confirm ICMP is the only visible event type listed.  6 When you start the simulation in the next step, you will run pings between PCs on your network, and the results will display in the PDU List Window in the bottom right corner of your Packet Tracer interface. For a more convenient arrangement, in the bottom middle pane, click Toggle PDU List Window to move this pane to a larger space in your Packet Tracer interface. If desired, you can also grab the top bar of the Simulation Panel to move this module around on your screen in a separate window.  7 On the common tools bar, click the Add Simple PDU (P) button, which looks like a closed envelope. This will create a ping-based conversation between two devices. Click PC0 as the source device and click PC1 as the destination device.  8 In the Simulation Panel, click the Play (Alt + P) button. As the simulation begins, a PDU leaves PC0 and arrives at the switch. Watch the traffic carefully. To which device does the switch send the first PDU? Why do you think this is?  9 At the bottom of the interface, click the Delete button to stop the simulation for this scenario. Click Realtime to return to Realtime mode.  Now you’re ready to add a sniffer to the network that will monitor all traffic on the switch. Complete the following step:  10

From the End Devices group, add a Sniffer to the workspace. Connect the sniffer’s Ethernet0 port to the switch’s FastEthernet 0/24 port. The sniffer does not need an IP address to do its job.  With these devices connected to your network, you’re ready to configure a SPAN monitoring session on the switch. Complete the following steps:  11 On the switch’s CLI tab, enter the commands in Table 12-1 . Table 12-1 Configure a SPAN monitoring session on a switch Command Purpose enable Enables privileged EXEC mode configure terminal Enters global configuration mode monitor session 1 source int fa0/1 - 3 Configures source interfaces for the monitoring session monitor session 1 destination int fa0/24 Configures the destination interface for the monitoring session (there can be only one) do show monitor Displays the monitoring session configuration; confirm your configuration matches that shown in Figure 12-33 Figure 12-33 SPAN monitoring session from three interfaces to FastEthernet 0/24

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Source: Cisco Systems, Inc.  12 To test your monitoring session, enter Simulation Mode and send a simple PDU from PC0 to PC1 again. Watch the traffic carefully. To which device(s) does the switch send the PDU this time? Why do you think this is?  13 To see the captured traffic, click the Sniffer and click its GUI tab. Apply the same filter here as the one you used for Simulation Mode in Step 4 and run the ping again. Click any of the captured ICMP messages. What are the source and destination IP addresses of the message you chose?  Syslog is another way to capture network traffic; however, syslog functions differently by capturing messages processed on a monitored device. To compare SPAN and syslog functionality, complete the following steps:  14 Add a 2901 router and a server to the workspace. Connect both to the switch.  15

On the server’s Services tab, confirm the Syslog service is turned on. Configure the server with a static IP address on the same subnet as your PCs. What IP address did you give the server?  16 Configure the router with a static IP address and turn on the interface connected to the switch.  Syslog logging is enabled by default on the router, but additional information is needed to send the required logs to the server. Complete the following steps:  17 To configure syslog logging on the router’s CLI, enter the commands listed in Table 12-2 , starting in global configuration mode. Table 12-2 Configure syslog on a router Command Purpose logging < server IP address > Tells the router where to send syslog messages logging trap debugging Requires all messages from the debugging level (level 7, which is the lowest severity level) and above to be logged with the server; note that Packet Tracer only supports logging at level 7 (debugging), which includes all severity levels exit Returns to privileged EXEC mode debug ip icmp Enables debugging for ICMP messages show debugging Displays debugging configuration; confirm ICMP packet debugging is on show logging Displays syslog configuration  18 Check the logging configuration on your router. Where are the router’s logs being sent? What port are these messages using?

 19 To test your syslog configuration, ping one of your PCs from your router. Return to your syslog server to examine captured traffic. Take a screenshot of the Syslog Service window showing logged traffic; submit this visual with your answers to this project’s questions. How many ICMP messages are logged?  20 Syslog captured the ICMP messages for a ping between the router and a PC. Now ping between two PCs. Return to your syslog server to examine captured traffic. How many ICMP messages are logged now? Why do you think this is?  21 Save this Packet Tracer file in a safe place for future reference. Make some notes on your Wikidot website about your activities in Packet Tracer for this project. Note to instructors: A Packet Tracer solution file is provided for each Packet Tracer project through the Instructors site. Project 12-3 Test Network Throughput with iPerf  Estimated Time: 30 minutes  Objective: Given a scenario, use the appropriate network software tools and commands. (Obj. 5.3)Compare the benefits and limitations of various networking media  Resources:  Windows computer  A second device, such as a computer (Windows, Linux, or macOS) or smartphone (Android or iOS)  Access to the same computer used to complete Capstone Project 1-1 or 1-2  Internet access  Context: In this module, you read about iPerf, which is a CLI-based tool for testing throughput between two devices on your local network. In this project, you’ll install iPerf on two devices and then test throughput between them. Complete the following steps:

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 1 On your primary computer, go to iperf.fr . Download the latest version of iperf3 for your computer and save the download in your Downloads folder. Extract the contents of the iperf download.  2 Create a new folder named iperf in the root folder for your Windows drive. For example, if Windows is installed on your C: drive, create the folder C:/iperf .  3 Move the iperf files from your Downloads folder to your new iperf folder. This will make it easier to find the iperf files from the CLI.  4 Open a Command Prompt window. Enter the command cd c:/iperf to navigate to the folder you just created.  5 Enter the command iperf3.exe to see the help files. Which command starts server mode?  Now you’re ready to install iPerf on your secondary device. This device could be another computer (Windows, Linux, or macOS) or a smartphone (Android or Linux). Complete the following steps:  6 Make sure your secondary device is on the same network as your primary device.  7 If you’re using a computer, repeat Steps 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 to prepare the computer.  8 If you’re using a smartphone, find the free iPerf app for your phone and install it.  You’re now ready to run iPerf between the two devices. Complete the following steps:  9

Your primary device will be the iperf server. On your iperf server, enter the command ipconfig to display your computer’s IP address. Record this information for future use. Next, enter the command iperf3.exe -s so the server will start listening. In the Windows Security Alert window, click Allow access .  10 Your secondary device will be the iperf client: 1. If your secondary device is a computer, enter the command iperf3.exe -c <server’s IP address> . For example, if the server’s IP address from Step 9 is 192.168.2.120, you would enter the command iperf3.exe -c 192.168.2.120 . 2. If your secondary device is a smartphone, enter the parameter - c <server’s IP address> . For example, if the server’s IP address from Step 9 is 192.168.2.120, you would enter the parameter -c 192.168.2.120 . At the top of the screen, toggle the Stopped switch to Started (see Figure 12-34 ). Figure 12-34 A free iPerf app on Android

Source: NextDoorDeveloper  11 Watch the output on both devices for several seconds. When you’re ready, stop the test on the computer(s) by pressing Ctrl+C . On a smartphone, stop the test by toggling the Started switch to Stopped .  12 Take a screenshot of the client’s output; submit this visual with your answers to this project’s questions.  13 What are some of the speeds your test reported? Are these speeds what you expect on your network? What troubleshooting might you need to do to determine how to increase your network speeds?  14

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Start your Windows VM that you created in Capstone Project 1-1 or 1-2 . Repeat the steps needed to install iPerf on the VM. Then run the iperf server on your primary computer and the iperf client on your VM. How does the throughput for this connection differ from the throughput for the earlier test?  15 Document this application installation in your wikidot website. Project 12-4 Organize Your Wikidot Website  Estimated Time: 45 minutes (+15 minutes for group work, if assigned)  Objective: Explain the purpose of organization documents and policies. (Obj. 3.2)Configure TCP/IP settings on a computer, including IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers  Group work: This project includes enhancements when assigned as a group project.  Resources:  Internet access  Context: Throughout this course, you’ve kept notes on various projects in your Wikidot website. To finish up these projects, let’s do some final cleanup and organization so these notes will continue to be useful and easily accessible for you as you move into your other IT classes and your career. You might decide to continue adding notes, pages, and categories, or create new wikis as needed. Using good organization and adding thorough notes could make your wiki a valuable exhibit when applying for your first job in IT. Complete the following steps:  1 First, adjust the side navigation menu. On the All Pages page (click the gear icon and click List All Pages ), click Side Navigation and then click Edit . You should see the text shown in Figure 12-35 . Throughout this project, you can ignore any red, squiggly lines in the text unless they indicate a place where you’ve misspelled a word. Be sure to use correct spelling and good grammar in your wiki’s content text. Figure 12-35 Side navigation bar coding

Source: Wikidot Inc.  2 Change the User Guide link to point to the list of all pages instead. On the User Guide line (the first line under “+ Site Navigation”), edit it to read as follows:  3 When you’re finished, the edited text should match the first item in the Site Navigation list in Figure 12-36 . Save your changes and test the new link under Site Navigation on the right. Figure 12-36 Edited side navigation bar

Source: Wikidot Inc.  Each time you named a page with one part before the colon and another part after the colon, such as Applications:Wireshark, you added that page to a category. The first name, such as Applications, is the name of the category. The second name, such as Wireshark, is the name of the page. Complete the next step to display all available categories:  4 To see a list of all categories in your wiki, click the gear icon and then click Site Manager , Appearance & Behaviour , and Navigation elements . Click the drop-down arrow next to Choose the category .  Here, you can see the available categories, including the ones you’ve created. The trick now is to find a way to list pages according to each category. To do this, you’ll first need to create a Categories page. Complete the following steps:  5 Go back to your wiki and create a new page called system:All Categories .  6 Add the text [[module Categories]] to your page and save it.  7 Go back to the All Pages list. The All Categories page is listed as “system:All Categories.” To change page name to “All Categories” instead, click the system:All Categories page, click Edit , and change the title

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to All Categories . The name of the page still includes its category (system), but now the title of the page is simply “All Categories.”  This module automatically creates a list of all the categories and all the pages within each category. If any page is listed in the wrong module, you can’t edit the page’s title to change its category. When you edit the page, you’re editing the title of that page, not its name, which is what defines the page’s category. Instead, use the following step to edit the page’s category:  8 If a page is listed in the wrong category, go to the page and click + Options and then click Rename . Change the page’s category, which is the name before the colon, and click Rename/move . Repeat for any other miscategorized pages.  Now let’s edit the top navigation bar so it shows one or more categories as an option, and each page within that category as an option. Complete the following steps:  9 Click the gear icon and click Edit Top Bar .  10 Click the Edit button on this page. You should see text similar to Figure 12- 37 . Figure 12-37 Top navigation bar coding

Source: Wikidot Inc.  Currently, the only link in the top navigation bar that gives a drop-down menu is the Help Docs link. In the next few steps, you’ll remove some of the links in the top navigation bar and add a drop-down link for each category. Complete the following steps:  11 Delete the Layout and Membership lines in this text (lines 3 and 4).  12 On the next line, change the text User Guide to All Categories . Change its location to system:all-categories . The line should now read as follows:  13 On the dropdown-toggle line, change the text Help Docs to the name of one of your categories, such as Applications .

 For this step, you’ll create dropdown items for the dropdown link you just created. It might help to have two browser windows open—one showing the All Pages list for a reference and the other showing the top navigation menu editing page. Add extra lines if needed. Complete the next step:  14 For each sub-item, add the name and location of a page within that category. For example, the Wireshark page would be listed under Applications like this: The Nmap line will look like this:  Notice the small icons next to each item on the top navigation menu, such as an “i” in a circle, an exclamation mark in a circle, and a question mark in a circle. To change some of these icons, complete the following steps:  15 On the Applications line (the line that includes the dropdown-toggle text), change the text that reads "fa fa-question-circle" so it says "fa fa-info- circle" .  16 On the About line (line 2), change the text that reads "fa fa-info-circle" so it says "fa fa-question-circle" .  17 When you’ve made all these changes, review the navigation menu again and correct any typos or missed links. When you’re ready, click Save . The new Top Navigation bar shows in the page’s content area and at the top of the page.  18 Test each link to make sure it works correctly, and troubleshoot any problematic links. To make changes, go back to the Top Navigation page and click Edit . The edited text should look something like Figure 12-38 . Make sure the page addresses are typed exactly right. Figure 12-38 The edited top navigation bar

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Source: Wikidot Inc.  19 Add more categories and pages links, as desired, until you’ve listed all your categories and pages that you created for projects in this text.  20 On the top navigation bar, add a link to the All Pages page, with an information circle next to it. This link will make the All Pages page accessible directly from the Home page. What line of code must you add to the top navigation bar’s code to accomplish this?  21 Edit the Home page text and the About page text to reflect what you’ve accomplished during this course and to describe the information available in your wiki. Make any other changes you would like to the navigation menus, categories, or pages. You might add screenshots or photos to some of the pages, add more detailed notes, or create new categories for other projects you’ve completed. If desired, research other editing options, themes, codes, and modules so this wiki reflects your interests and learning progress.  22

For group assignments: Invite a team member to check out your wiki and test your links. Correct any problems they find. In exchange, review your teammate’s wiki and report any errors you find. Exchange notes and ideas for ways to improve your wikis.  23 When you’re ready, take a screenshot of your wiki showing the top navigation and side navigation panes; submit this visual with your answers to this project’s questions. Providing a link to your wiki when applying for an IT job could make a strong, positive first impression on a potential employer!

12-4d Hands-On Projects

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