syntax homework

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Purdue University *

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22700

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Computer Science

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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SLHS 227 Syntax Homework 1. (8 points) Write the Lexical category of each of the bolded words below. Choose from the following lexical categories: Noun Determiner Verb Adverb Adjective Preposition Auxiliary Verb a. Food prices have increased dramatically. adverb b. Lily put the textbooks in her backpack. Preposition c. Your hat fell on the floor. determiner d. I would go for a walk, but I think it might rain. Conjunction e. Hannah must tell everyone the truth! Auxiliary verb f. The audience was outraged by his obnoxious speech. adjective g. You may start the test now. Auxiliary verb h. Immigrants often face difficulties they had never considered. Verb i. I was born in May . noun j. Could you help me clean these tables? Determiner 2. (12 points) What pro-word(s) can we use for the underlined phrases to show that each of them is a constituent? a. Five students were added to Mrs. White's class recently. They b. Five students were added to Mrs. White's class recently. Her c. My cousin has moved to Indiana because the hurricane destroyed her parent’s house. S he d. My cousin has moved t o Indiana because the hurricane destroyed her parent’s house. T here e. My cousin has moved to Indiana because t he hurricane destroyed her parent’s house. I t f. My cousin has moved to Indiana because the hurricane destroyed her parent’s house. Their 3. (2 points) The movement test can be used to determine if a sequence of words is a constituent. 1) Apply the movement test using the underlined sequence of words and show your results 2) answer yes/no if it the underlined words are constituents. a. Saying your opinion often takes courage. N o

b. There are many squirrels in the local park . Y es 4. (4 points) Identify the embedded clauses (CP) in the following sentences by underlining or highlighting them. Remember that some CPs start with a complementizer word like “that” “if” or “whether.” However, in other CPs the CPs are omitted in the sentence. (e.g. Given the sentence “I hope that you can come” = I hope t hat you can come ) a. He couldn’t decide whether he should go for a walk . b. My teacher told me that I should focus on my presentation skills . c. Holly was told that she should wear a long dress to the prom . d. The firefighter said we were lucky to escape . 5. (1 points) The sentence “The man shot the robber with a gun.” Has two meanings. Please select which meaning is represented by the syntactic tree below. a. The robber had a gun. The man shot him (with a different gun). b. The man used a gun to shoot the robber. c. Both a and b are correct d. neither a nor b is correct 6. (1 points) The sentence “The man shot the robber with a gun.” Has two meanings. Please select which meaning is represented by the syntactic tree below. a . The robber had a gun (The man shot him (with a different gun). b. The man used a gun to shoot the robber. c. Both a and b are correct. d. Neither a nor b is correct. 7. (2 points) Consider the following sentences and write another sentence that includes sentence c. Then write the name of the linguistic process that the sentence demonstrates. a. I like ice cream.

b. You know that I like ice cream. c. She knows that you know that I like ice cream. She told him that she knows that you know that I like ice cream. - recursion 8. (7 points) Identify the phrasal category of each of the underlined portions in the sentences below. a. Alexis ice skates very well . Adjective b. The boy smiled at his reflection . verb c. Jessica’s sister really enjoys linguistics. noun d. The cat was stuck in a tree . P reposition e. Little kids like lollipops. Noun f. After lunch , we will go to the store. Preposition g. My mom was very happy with the results adjective 9. (3 points) For each of the following phrases, determine the head of the phrase, any specifiers, and any complements. Remember that every phrase must have a head, but not every phrase has a specifier and complement. The first one is done for you. Head Specifier Complement Type of Phrase the rat rat the —--------- NP on the table on —------- the table PP the story about cats story the about cats NP never walks to the park walks never to the park VP 10. (5 points) Indicate if each sentence is grammatical or not. a. Jerome is satisfied of his job. no b. The pilot landed the jet. yes c. He gave the Red Cross some money. yes d. The instructor told the students to study. yes e. The customer requested for a cold beer. no 11. (8 points) Given the following sentence and Phrase Tree, fill in the missing boxes to label the rest of the phrase tree

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