Assignment 4 FOSC Nkosi (1)

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Feb 20, 2024

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1 Empress Nkosi Cass D. Parker Forensic Science 27 January 2024 Survey of Forensic Science (FOSC 1101/SCI 1901F) Module 4 Assignment: 4 1. What can be concluded if a flow found on an object or body does not appear consistent with the direction of gravity? When blood flow on an object or body doesn't match gravity's natural pull, this indicates that the object in question or body was moving at an angle during the commission of the crime which caused the bloodshed. (Saferstein) External forces or movement likely affected the flow of the blood, causing it to stray from the usual downward path that is naturally present by gravity. (Parker) This inconsistency in flow direction can provide valuable insights into what took place at the crime scene, helping investigators reconstruct the occurrence of events. 2. In general, as both the force and velocity of impact increase, what happens to the diameter of the resulting blood droplets? When the force and speed of impact go up, the size of the blood droplets gets smaller. (Saferstein) This happens because a stronger force with higher speed creates a more powerful impact, making the blood break into tiny droplets when it hits surfaces. if something hits with more power and speed, the blood splatter size can be changed. This principle is important in crime scene analysis, helping
2 investigators understand the dynamics of bloodstain patterns which provide clues about the events that took place during a violent incident. 3. What conclusions can be drawn if a murder victim's blood is found in the muzzle of a firearm? Finding a murder victim's blood in the muzzle of a firearm indicates the gunshot at close range during the fatal incident. This discovery suggests a point-blank or extremely close-range shooting. (Saferstein) The presence of blood in the firearm's muzzle serves as important evidence, indicating the weapon's direct involvement in the crime. This forensic detail helps investigators understand the dynamics of the shooting, potentially shedding light on the circumstances surrounding the tragedy. 4. Determine the angle of impact if the length and width of a given bloodstain are 3.25 cm and 0.85 cm, respectively. Using the formula:Angle (A)=sin −1(WidthLength)Angle (A)=sin−1(LengthWidth) Angle (A) = sin −1(0.853.25)sin−1(3.250.85)= [- 15-degree angle of impact] (Saferstein) 5. What is a transfer pattern? How is a simple transfer pattern created? A transfer pattern happens when something with blood touches a surface without blood. In a simple transfer, the bloody object just touches the surface and is taken away without moving. (Saferstein) You can see the shape and size of the object in the blood left behind on the surface. Investigators understand what object touched where and how during the commission of the crime. (Parker) It's a bit like leaving a trace of the object in a clean space with its blood, helping figure out what happened.
3 Saferstein, Richard. “ Criminalistics: An Introduction to Forensic Science .” 13th ed., Pearson, 2021. Parker, Cassandra D. “ Module 4 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis ” Clayton State University , Dr. Augustine Ofori Agymen, 13 Jan. 2021, clayton.view.usg.edu/d2l/le/content/2980737/viewContent/60253836/View.
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