Lecture 2

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Concordia University Portland *

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MANAGERIAL

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Civil Engineering

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Oct 30, 2023

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pdf

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CIVI 390 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN PROJECT Lecture 2: Conceptual Design Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering
2 Design Project Design a simply supported bridge with concrete deck on steel girders that serves as an overpass or stream crossing. The span is 20 m, double lanes on either way. Resources: Internet, Library, City Government, Students
Definition of design Design is to prepare the preliminary sketch or the plans for (a work to be executed), esp. to plan the form and structure of something to be constructed, manufactured, executed, etc to achieve prescribed goals and to satisfy the explicit and implicit constraints.
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Major phases of a building project 1. Decision phase – Forming a development team including the owner – Economic design – Site selection – Program and budget – Cost projection – Schematic physical design – Land acquisition – Preparation of financial package – Liquidation of investment
Major phases of a building project 2. Design phase – Preliminary physical design – Financial negotiations – Final design, construction documents (specifications, drawings etc) 3. Delivery phase – Construction – Investment and property management – Leasing/sales/exchange – Liquidation of investment
Design Requirements 1. The building should be constructed to serve purposes specified by the client . 2. The design should be constructible by known techniques and with available labor and equipment, within an acceptable time. 3. The structure should be capable of withstanding the elements and normal usage for a reasonably long period of time . 4. Both inside and outside, the building should be visually pleasing . 5. No part of the structure should pose a hazard to the safety or health or health of its occupants under normal usage, and the building should provide for safe evacuation or refuge in emergencies.
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Design Requirements for Building Design 6. The structure should be constructed to minimize adverse environmental impact on its neighbors. 7. Operation should consume a minimum of energy while permitting the structure to serve its purposes. 8. The sum of costs of construction, operation, maintenance, repair, and anticipated future alterations, which covers the entire building life cycle , should be kept within the limit specified by the client.
LCC 8
Communication of Designs • The description of a design must be in a form that is understandable to those who will be involved in the design project, including contractors, administrators, etc. • Two forms of communications: drawing and written specifications . • Drawings range from general descriptions such as plans and elevations to the most specific such as sections and details . • All drawing are subject to agreed rules, codes, and conventions. • These codes cover aspects such as how to lay out different views, how to specify dimensions, how to indicate different kinds of materials, etc. • BIM – Building Information Modelling
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Traditional Design Procedures Client Money Need Architect Contractor Engineers Structural Mechanical Electrical
Client Architect Contractor Architectural Program Conceptual Phase Design Development Contract Document Phase
Conceptual Design • A systematic method for conceptual design • Generation of ideas • Role of experience
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A Systematic Method for Conceptual Design • Identify environment, structural requirements, and performance requirements from problem description • Relate performance requirements to environment and structural requirements to product • Decompose environment to look for basic design patterns • Compose basic design patterns into existing design solutions, subject to structural requirements • Update design problem until all requirements are satisfied
General design methods • Brainstorming – Normally conducted in a small group (diverse an non-hierarchical) – Generate a large number of ideas (some are useful and some are not) – Evaluate the ideas and discard inappropriate ones • Morphological chart – Based on a collection of existing design patterns – Reorder or recombine basic patterns in a creative way
Evaluating alternatives • A rational and open method must be used for evaluation of design alternatives • A design proposal must be evaluated objectively, keeping the design goals in mind • Prioritize the goals and associate weights with them • An weighted objectives method provides a good way to evaluate design alternatives
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Comparative Analysis Comparison Criteria Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5 Size 5 7 5 7 5 Cost 5 5 5 6 5 Layout 8 8 8 7 8 Visually pleasing 9 7 7 9 7 Best project for site 7 6 7 9 7 Clients requirements 5 8 5 9 5 Area 4 8 4 7 5 Total Score 43 49 41 54 42 Based on the relative advantages and disadvantages on different criteria, you may like to score the alternative designs. Find the total score or weighted score to decide on the final candidate. The final design will be further refined to meet all constraints and budget.
The contents of the Prelim Report 1 1. Project description 2. Location 3. Group composition 4. Work breakdown structure and tentative schedule 5. Conceptual design
Questions! 18
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