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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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1.) Describe the Rutherford gold foil ex- periment including observations made and conclusions draw. Also differentiate the new model of the atom versus the original "plum pudding" model. You can use drawings if helpful. The gold foil experiment is where a par- ticle emitter is used to beam particles in a straight line into gold foil, a detector is placed facing straight, on each corner, on each side, or on the rear corners, and when the particles were beamed through, most of them went straight through with only some of them being deflected and their path altered, or even bounced back, this falsified the plum pudding model, which was a sphere that was positively charged with electrons in- side of it, when particles were beamed through, they went straight through and

none of them were deflected or bounced back, this concluded that the atom was not a sphere with electrons scattered all over it, but instead a nucleus made of protons and neutrons, with the electrons on the outside orbiting it. 2.)Name the elements classified as met- alloids. Boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), polonium (Po) and astatine (At) 3.) Give the group number(s) on the pe- riodic table for each of the following. a. Alkali metals group 1 b. alkaline earth metals group 2 c. halogens group 17 d. noble gases group 18 e. transition metals group 3

4.) Determine the number of valence electrons in elements for each of the fol- lowing groups. a. 1A 1 b. 2A 2 c. 13 (3A) 3 d. 15 (5A) 5 e. 16 (6A) 6 f. 17(7A) 7 g. 18 (8A) 8 5.) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for each of the following. f. 24 Mg P: 12 N: 12 E: 12 g. 24 Mg 2+ P: 12 N: 12 E: 10 h. 56 Fe P: 26 N: 30 E: 26

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i. 56 Fe 2- P: 26 N: 30 E: 28 j. 54 Fe 2- P: 26 N: 28 E: 28 k. 81 Br P: 35 N: 46 E: 35 l. 81 Br - P: 35 N: 46 E: 36 m. 79 Br - P: 26 N: 30 E: 26 n. 31 P P: 15 N: 16 E: 15 o. 31 P 3- P: 15 N: 16 E: 18 6.) From the following isotope sym- bol. 78^34 X 2- a. Identify the element. Selenium Se b. Determine the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons P: 34 N: 44 E: 36 7.) Calculate the relative atomic mass of Magnesium from the following info. Magnesium 24 has a natural abun- dance of 78.99%

24.3 Magnesium 25 has a natural abun- dance of 10.00% 24.98 Magnesium 26 has a natural abun- dance of 11.01% 25.98

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