2023 Module Eleven Lesson Two Assignment

Activity A: Heat transfer Get the Gizmo ready: ● Click Reset ( ). Question: What factors determine how heat energy transfers between objects? 1. Predict: In the Gizmo warm-up, you saw how 200 g of 90 °C copper transfers heat to 200 g of 30.0 °C water. A. How do you think increasing the water’s mass would affect the final temperature? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ B. How do you think decreasing the copper’s mass would affect the final temperature? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ C. How do you think increasing or decreasing the copper’s initial temperature would affect the final temperature? ____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2. Collect data: Use the Gizmo to determine the final temperature for each set-up listed below. Record your results in the tables. In the first table, you experiment with changing the water’s mass. In the second table, you change the copper’s mass. In the third table, you change the initial temperature of the copper. The first row of each table has been completed for you. Copper Water Final Temp. (°C) Initial Temp. (°C) Mass (g) Initial Temp. (°C) Mass (g) 3. 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 34.96 °C 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 2,000 g 4. 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 34.96 °C 90 °C 20 g 30.0 °C 200 g 5. 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 34.96 °C 100 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 50 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g

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Activity B (continued from previous page) 6. Predict: How do you think the specific heat capacity of ice will compare to that of copper, granite, and lead? __________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 7. Experiment: Deselect Lead , and select Ice . Use the default values for Temp (-30 °C) and Mass (50 g). Set the Water temp to 60 °C and the Water mass to 200 g. Click Play . A. What was the final temperature? _________________________________________ B. What do you think is happening when the ice line on the graph is at 0 °C for a long period of time? Why do you think the line disappears after that? ________________ ___________________________________________________________________ C. How much of a temperature change did the water experience? _________________ D. How does this change in the water’s temperature compare to the change caused by the other substances you tested? ________________________________________ 8. Extend your thinking: A lot of energy is needed to heat a substance with a high specific heat capacity. However, even more energy is needed to cause a phase change (such as the melting of ice). Click Reset . Set the ice’s Temp to -100 °C and its Mass to 50 g. Set the Water temp to 50 °C and Water mass to 200 g. Click Play . A. What was the final temperature? _________________________________________ B. Do you think all the ice melted? Explain. ___________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ C. Look at the GRAPH. The graph shows two separate stages: the heating of the ice and then the melting of the ice. How much did the water’s temperature change while the ice was heating? How much did it change while the ice was melting? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ D. How did this experiment demonstrate ice’s high specific heat capacity? __________

(Activity C continued on next page) Activity C (continued from previous page) 3. Calculate: Use the Gizmo to mix 150 g of granite at 80 °C with 200 g of water at 30 °C. A. What is the final temperature? ___________________________________________ B. Calculate the temperature change of each substance by subtracting the initial temperature from the final temperature. ∆T water : __________ ∆T granite : __________ C. How much heat energy ( q ) did the water gain? ______________________________ D. Now solve for the specific heat ( c ) of granite: _______________________________ E. Repeat steps A through D to find the specific heat ( c ) of lead, use the same data __________________ 4. Extend your thinking: In addition to calculating specific heat capacities, some calorimeters can be used to determine how much energy is in food. The energy in food is usually expressed in calories or kilocalories (Calories). A calorie is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 C. There are 1,000 calories in a Calorie. A. How many joules are in 1 calorie? (Hint: The specific heat of water is also 1.000 cal/g °C.) ___________________________________________________________________ B. Suppose a snack bar is burned in a calorimeter and heats 2,000 g water by 20 °C. How much heat energy was released? (Hint: Use the specific heat equation.) Give your answer in both joules and calories. ___________________________________________________________________ C. How many kilocalories (Calories) does the snack bar contain? __________________ 50% of Assignment Grade Post Lab Quiz: AFTER completing the GIZMO activity and lab above, please complete the five question quiz below the simulation.