The Periodic Table - Student Copy

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Nov 24, 2024

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YISHUN INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE 2021 JC2 H2 CHEMISTRY THE PERIODIC TABLE (FOUNDATION) ACJC/2020/I/26 1 Which compound dissolves in water to give a solution with the lowest pH? A SO 3 C P 4 O 10 B MgC l 2 D A l 2 O 3 ACJC/2020/I/27 2 The melting points of five consecutive elements in Period 3 are represented in the diagram below. simple molecular giant metallic lattice giant molecular A E & L G, H & J none B L E , G , H & J none C E & L G & H J D L E , G & H J

DHS/2020/I/7 3 Which one of the following sets of solid substances includes a giant metallic structure, a giant ionic lattice structure and a simple molecular structure? A Sr, A l 2 O 3 , I 2 B Be, A l C l 3 , SO 3 C A l , C, SiO 2 D Ni, BeC l 2 , SiC l 4 DHS/2020/I/14 4 X , Y and Z are elements in Period 3. The results of some experiments carried out with compounds of these elements are shown. element result of adding the oxide of the element to H 2 O(l) result of adding the chloride of the element to H 2 O(l) X no reaction hydrolyses Y forms hydroxide dissolves Z forms acid hydrolyses Which statement is correct? A The melting point of the oxide of X is the highest among all Period 3 oxides. B Chloride of Y is a liquid at 20  C. C Z could be either phosphorus or sulfur. D The electrical conductivity increases from X to Z .

RI/2020/I/5 5 Oxides of elements Mg, A l , Si and P are separately added to water and the pH of their resultant mixtures are measured. Which graph shows the correct trends when the melting points of these elements are plotted against the pH of the resultant mixtures? A B C D

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RI/2020/I/7 6 The graph shows the second ionisation energies of six consecutive elements with atomic numbers less than 20. Which statements are correct? 1 V could be helium. 2 W reacts more vigorously than X with water. 3 Y has a higher electrical conductivity than Z. A 1, 2 and 3 C 1 and 3 only B 1 and 2 only D 2 and 3 only NYJC/2020/III/3 7 (a) There are three types of atomic radii listed in the Data Booklet : metallic, covalent and van der Waals. (i) Explain what is meant by ‘covalent radius of chlorine’. [1] (ii) The diagram below represents two chlorine molecules. Label on the diagram the covalent radius and van der Waals radius of chlorine. [1] (iii) The atomic radius of argon is described in the Data Booklet as the van der Waals radius. Suggest, with a reason, how the van der Waals radius of chlorine might compare with the van der Waals radius of argon. [1] (iv) Suggest why argon does not have a covalent radius. [1]

(b) X , Y and Z are elements in Period 3. Data about the reactions of the oxides of X , Y and Z are given in the table below. Reaction Reagent added to oxide Observation 1 HCl(aq) Only oxide of X dissolves. 2 NaOH(aq) Only oxides of X and Z dissolve. 3 H 2 O(l) Oxides X and Y do not dissolve. Green solution obtained when Universal Indicator is added. (i) Based on the observation for each reaction, complete the following blanks by stating all the possible identities of the relevant element(s). Reaction Deduction 1 X can be ………………………………… 2 X and Z can be ………………………… 3 X and Y can be ………………………… [3] (ii) Identify X and Y , and hence explain the observation for reaction 3. [3] (c) The chlorides of the elements, sodium to phosphorus, dissolve or react with water. (i) In the table below, state the variation in pH of the solutions obtained when one mole of each of these chlorides is separately added to 1 dm 3 of water. NaC l MgC l 2 AlC l 3 PC l 5 pH of a 1 mol dm −3 solution [1] (ii) Explain the pH of the resultant solutions when MgC l 2 and PC l 5 are added to excess water separately. Support your answer with relevant equations, showing state symbols. [3] RI/2020/II/5c 8 (a) Aluminium oxide and phosphorus pentachloride are compounds of Period 3 elements. (i) Aluminium oxide dissolves in excess NaOH(aq) to form a colourless solution. Write an equation to show the dissolution of aluminium oxide in excess NaOH(aq). [1] (ii) On adding phosphorus pentachloride to water, dense white fumes are observed. Write an equation for the reaction and state the pH of the resultant solution formed. [2]

YISHUN INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE 2021 JC2 H2 CHEMISTRY THE PERIODIC TABLE (ADVANCED) VJC/2020/I/7 9 The graph below shows the variation in the boiling point for 8 consecutive elements in the Periodic Table, all with atomic number less than 21. Which statements are correct? 1 The chloride of E reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide to give a precipitate which is soluble in excess sodium hydroxide. 2 The oxide of F is neutral in aqueous solution. 3 The oxide of K dissolves readily in water to give a strongly alkaline solution. A 1, 2 and 3 C 1 only B 1 and 2 only D 2 and 3 only

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NJC/2020/I/8 10 The graph below shows the variation in the enthalpy change of vaporisation, ΔH Ɵ vap for 8 consecutive elements in the Periodic Table, all with atomic number ≤ 20. What can be deduced from the above graph? A The oxide of A reacts with excess aqueous sodium hydroxide to form a soluble complex. B The chlorides become less acidic from A to C . C The electrical conductivity decreases from C to F . D The pH of the solution containing the oxides of G and oxides of H is less than 7. NJC/2020/II/1c 11 (a) (i) A metal chloride A , has the formula MC l x . When 3.0 × 10 − 3 mol of sodium hydroxide is reacted completely with 1.0 × 10 − 3 mol of A , 0.078g of a white precipitate, B is formed. When B is heated, water is lost, leaving a white residue C . C is of high melting point and is not soluble in water. Deduce the identities of A , B and C . [3] (ii) Compound C, Na 2 O and SO 3 are separately added to acid and alkali. Write equations, with state symbols, for possible reactions that occur. [3]