Lab 13 - Aspirin and Other Analgesics

You have been tasked to assess a new laboratory for safety issues. The lab has a large amount  of benzene, hydrochloric acid, phenol, sodium hydroxide and toluene. Describe the (5) potential  hazards that can be associated with each chemical above, as well as the methods to control their  potential hazards in the lab.

BASIC PURE SUBSTANCE MIXTURE UNIT DESCRIPTION (color; physical state; transparent/translucent/opaque; shiny/dull malleable/ductile, shape and size of particles for solids; odor for organic series only) SAMPLE OF Соmpound (for Pure substances Element MATTER only) Homo- Hetero- atom, molecule, or formula unit Metal Nonmetal Ionic Covalent Series 8. ORGANIC CHEMICALS C,H14(1) Нехane HC,H3O2(aq) C4H3O2(1) ethyl acetate C;H60(1) Acetone CH,O(1) ethyl alcohol (ethanol) C10H3O(s) 1-naphthol C;H,O(1) Benzaldehyde C3H3O2(1) methyl benzoate C,H§O(I) trans-cinnamaldehyde

Draw the condensed structure of the organic molecule that produces sodium propanoate when reacted with NaOH. Correct each molecule in the drawing area below so that it has the structure it would have if it were dissolved in a 0.1 M aqueous solution of NaOH. If there are no changes to be made, check the No changes box under the drawing area. No changes. HO–CH,—CH, NH HO—CH, OH C™ X с O

Find the structural formulas for salicylic acid, acetic anhydride, and aspirin. Use these structural formulas to construct a reaction equation describing the synthesis of aspirin.  (CH3CO)2O + HOC6H4COOH → CH3CO2C6H4CO2H + CH3COOH acetic anhydride   salicylic acid   acetylsalicylic acid   acetic acid Part I  Synthesis of Aspirin Mass of salicylic acid used (g)  2.029g Volume of acetic anhydride used (mL)  5ml Mass of acetic anhydride used (vol. × 1.08 g/mL)  5.4g Mass of aspirin synthesized (g)  3.256g Part II  Melting Temperature Data Melting temperature (°C)  133°C Part III  Salicylic Acid Standard Stock Solution Initial mass of salicylic acid (g)  0.210g Moles of salicylic acid (mol)  0.0147 mol Initial molarity of salicylic acid (M)  0.724 M Part III  Beer’s Law Data for Salicylic Acid Standard Solutions Trial Concentration (M) Absorbance Water (mL) 1  10  0.301 0…

If you are given a mixture of three organic compounds (aspirin, β-naphthol, and naphthalene), Write a flow chart to briefly describe the steps involved.

REAGENT AMOUNTS In this section, you must record the actual amounts and volumes of reagens use in the lab. 090 ml Volume of methyl benzoate: mmol Equivalent to a molar amount of: 30 1.0 ml Volume of concentrated Nitric acid (16 M = 16 mol/L): Equivalent to a molar amount of : mmol Volume of concentrated Sulfurie acid acid (18 M = 18 mol/L): 3.0 ml Equivalent to a molar amount of: mmol 0.90 mL IL =0.0009 L lo0omL

Metabolite 1 The common name for metabolite 1 is How does its structure differ from diazepam? OH 15

answer question 8.14! it is above chart 8.8. use chart 8.8 and chart 8.9 to answer the question! this is complete! there is no missing data here no matter what you think! answer the question!

Based on a grade 11 chemistry student, answer the following question based on the provided table:Part B:  Other Cases EmergeRead Case File 3.  Based on these new cases, it now seems clear that people are being poisoned by something in the Tylenol. Fast-Acting PoisonsWhatever the poison is, it is very fast acting as victims collapsed within minutes of taking the pills. After some research, and based on your love of Agatha Christie novels, you find five common poisons that work quickly and can cause death within a few hours – aconite, coniine, cyanide, nicotine, strychnine. Use the information contained in table 6 to determine the empirical formula, molecular formula, and fatal volume for the two poisons not completed in the table.

Each of the following reactions have mistakes in them, please identify those as completely as you can. اخيرة A) B) HI 1.03 Di 2. Zn 1) BH 2) H2O, OH OH

Please explain how you arrived at that answer. Please answer #3.

Cinnamon is made up of a mixture of many compounds.  Cinnamaldehyde is the component responsible for cinnamon flavor.  Several of these compounds are also a potent antimicrobial compounds present in essential oils.  The following results were obtained for known concentrations of three of the compounds. Concentration (mg sample/200 uL) Cinnamaldehyde Eugenol Thymol 0.50   0.4   0.65     1.8 0.75 1.0 0.8   1.10   1.2   1.25 2.0     1.30     3.0 1.50   1.5   1.90 3.1 2.0 4.6 2.50 4.0   5.8   Determine the calibration curve equations for each component including regression. which component has the highest calibration sensitivity? A sample containing the three essential oils in part b gave the peak areas relative to the internal standard of cinnamaldehyde 2.6, eugenol 0.9 and thymol 3.8. Determine the concentration of each of the oils in the sample and the standard deviations.

6 please show steps, and explain your steps if you can. thanks!

When setting up an organic reaction for the first time, a concentration of reactants in tens to hundreds of micromolar range (mM) is often required. How much solvent (DCM) is required to prepare a solution that has a reactant concentration of 200mM? a) 0.126mL b) 1.26mL c) 12.60mL d) 126mL e) None of the options is correct.

Esters Many naturally occurring esters are responsible for the pleasant, characteristic smells of various fruits. As a result, synthetic esters are commonly made for use in perfumes and artificial flavours. To produce a synthetic ester with a specific smell, chemists research what ester will give them the specific smell they are interested in and then they work "backwards" to design a chemical reaction pathway to produce the desired ester using commonly available chemicals. Esters are commonly produced by reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol, if the required carboxylic acid and alcohol are not commonly available, chemists have to use a multi-step chemical reaction pathway to first produce the carboxylic acid and/or alcohol, and then produce the desired ester. 1. Show the condensation reactions between the following carboxylic acids and alcohols using the structural formulas of the reactants and products. Name the final ester product. *draw your structures so the functional groups…

Which diagram is the correct one?  What other procedure can be used to solve this problem? write down ways to solve.  first, execute plan 1 to solve the problem. Please explain every step.  Think about the way that you can use to make sure that your answer makes sense. write down your assessment.

Lab Report Post-Lab < (3) 20 of 20 Fez Sa(s) and HBr(aq) If no reaction occurs, write NONE in the box. ΑΣφ b. Submit Previous Answers Request AnsWer X Incorrect; Try Again; 2 attempts remaining Check the capitalization of the chemical symbols in your answer. Dart D Complete nrevinue nadle P Pearson Copyright 0 2020 Pearson Education Inc All rights eserve Tyne haro

Isolation of Eugenol lab organic chemistry What is the purpose of adding calcium chloride (CaCl2) to the extract? How do you know if the CaCl2 is working, and whether or not you need to add more?

References] VISUALIZATION Polyester Formation II HO-A-OH HO-C-B-C-0H ethylene glycol (A group) terephthalic acid (B group) The starting materials for this reaction are ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. The letters A and B represent organic groups that are unreactive. What reactive organic functional group does ethylene glycol (containing the A functional group) contain? Enter its name. Check (1 of 7)

Alkaloids are basic nitrogen-containing compounds of plant origin, many of which are physiologically active when administered to humans. Ingestion of coniine, isolated from water hemlock, can cause weakness, labored respiration, paralysis, and eventually death. Coniine is the toxic substance in the “poison hemlock” used in the death of Socrates. In small doses, nicotine is an addictive stimulant. In larger doses, it causes depression, nausea, and vomiting. In still larger doses, it is a deadly poison. Solutions of nicotine in water are used as insecticides. Cocaine is a central nervous system stimulant obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.Classify each amino group in these alkaloids according to type (primary, secondary, tertiary, aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic).

Draw structural formulas for organic products A and B in the window below. Mg H20 A H3CC=CH2 ether Br • Draw only products having the organic portion of the original alkyl halide. • Draw carbon-lithium bonds using the single bond tool. If a structure has a copper-lithium bond, do not draw the lithium. • Separate products from different steps using the → sign from the drop-down menu.

Draw structural formulas for organic products A and B in the window below. H₂O Mg ether ● ● ● H3CC=CH₂ Br *8 Draw only products having the organic portion of the original alkyl halide. Draw carbon-lithium bonds using the single bond tool. If a structure has a copper-lithium bond, do not draw the lithium. Separate products from different steps using the → sign from the drop-down menu. ? A Ⓡ ChemDoodle B Sn [F

PAP Chemistry-2903012-42100P-1/ Le Chatelier's Principle/ Lesson 128 2. Zinc (Zn) granules react slowly with dilute hydrochloric acid (HCI), but much faster if the acid is concentrated. Zn(s) 2HCI(aq)ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) Zinc + Hydrochloric Acid Zinc Chloride + Hydrogen What causes the reaction to proceed faster with concentrated acid? The concentrated hydrochloric acid causes more hydrogen gas to be produced. The pressure of hydrogen gas molecules increases as concentration increases. The concentrated hydrochloric acid molecules move faster than in dilute acid. There are more collisions between the zinc and concentrated hydrochloric acid. PREVIOU

List 2 chemical reactions that can produce chemical products ( by-products or main products) with little to no economic value that we can refine and make these chemical products useful to a country's economy. For each product, show the reaction (including reaction mechanism with least 3 reactions and solid catalyst) that can make the chemical product useful to society's economy.

Consider this reaction: Br CH3OH Br-Br H3CO The mechanism proceeds through a first cationic intermediate, intermediate 1. Nucleophilic attack leads to intermediate 2, which goes on to form the final product. In cases that involve a negatively charged nucleophile, the attack of the nucleophile leads directly to the product. H. Br + CH;OH Br Intermediate 2 (product) Intermediate 1 In a similar fashion, draw intermediate 1 and intermediate 2 (final product) for the following reaction. OH + Br2 + HBr Br racemic mixture

Which of the following compounds has a different classification according to their solubility? ac NH₂ НО. HS OH OH OH NH₂ F

Draw structural formulas for organic products A and B in the window below. ● ● ● -CH₂CI Li pentane Cul ChemDoodleⓇ Draw only products having the organic portion of the original alkyl halide. Draw carbon-lithium bonds using the single bond tool. If a structure has a copper-lithium bond, do not draw the lithium. Separate products from different steps using the → sign from the drop-down menu. B Sn [F

Why does the dehydration of an alcohol more often use concentrated sulfuric acid,  H2SO4H2SO4, as the acid catalyst rather than dilute hydrochloric acid, HCl?   Select one or more:   Hydrochloric acid is too small to effectively react with the alcohol in the reaction.   The additional water solvent from a dilute solution could reverse the dehydration reaction.   Only acids with more than one proton can complete the dehydration reaction.   The presence of the chloride ion could result in a competing substitution reaction.

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1. In experiment, what is the purpose of: a. potassium carbonate b. 2-butanone c. ether d. extraction with 5% aqueous NaOH e. magnesium suflate

11:24 ← 0.0 Question 5 of 13 H Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic steps. Be sure to account for all bond- breaking and bond-making steps. Select to Add Arrows :CI: :CI: Select to Add Arrows > I all 35% Submit CI Select to Add Arrows