Canada's Business Climate: Investment Insights for Growth

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` 1 BUSI 1033 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS – FINAL EXAM Student Name BUSI 1033 Introduction to Business 11/11(22F-C-BCGLO_1C) Yorkville University Tuyen Riddell Date of Submission

` 2 BUSI 1033 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS – FINAL EXAM Question 1 The organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) identified Canada's telecom sector as being among the most restrictive in the world. Despite this, it's crucial to keep in mind that Canada is a great place to invest because of its robust banking and financial service sectors, which welcome foreign investment (Mukherjee, 2021). In addition, Canada has emerged as a great place for foreign investors to put their money during the past few years, but the country's infrastructure and social cohesion have required good public management. In sum, the country's legal system is just and well-oiled. The fact that Canada ranks first among the G20 from 2020 to 2024 has been enticing foreign investors and contributing to the country's average yearly growth (Mukherjee, 2021). Furthermore, in 2020, the average yearly increase of Canada's GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is expected to be the second highest among the G7 countries, behind only the United States. Furthermore, in 2020, Canada is predicted to have the second-lowest net debt-to-GDP ratio among the G7 countries, at 26%, and the second-highest annual GDP growth, at 1.8% (Jackson, 2018). Over the past half-century, Canada's economy has grown and matured, yet there has been less public intrusion. As a modern and progressive country, the government of Canada enacted regulations designed to safeguard the financial interests of citizens, as well as those of consumers, workers, and the environment. These are the primary reasons why foreign investors have been willing to put money into Canada. Canada's commerce and common law were heavily impacted by English and American legal traditions, and the country's democratic federal and provincial legal systems are open, fair, and efficient (Ebert et al., 2017). Canada has one of the world's most stable economies, so it's worth considering investing there. Even though the telecommunications and financial services sector has been deregulated and many government-owned firms have

` 3 been privatized, this presents a wonderful chance to grow TeleTask in North America. In the previous 15 years, these rules have been revised several times, making them more hospitable to international investors, much like in Brazil. Question 2 For those individuals operating in the whale-watching sector, it is imperative to understand and recognize the significance of offering consumers accurate and helpful information. This will help such people to stand out from the competition and earn you great reviews across the many social media marketing channels your customers utilize today (Darmawan & Grenier, 2021). Besides, such individuals can use their own travel expertise as a barometer and help others out with their findings. Here are some strategies that have helped whale-watching businesses around the world succeed, backed up by data and anecdotes. Form of Business Ownership proposed A tour operator is a commercial entity that purchases distinct travel components from various other providers of the industry, and then integrates them into a package that is provided to their own communities either explicitly or via facilitators, according to the circumstances. Therefore, tour operators are comparable to wholesale suppliers, whereas tour agencies are comparable to retail stores. Ethical Issues Involved  Despite the fact that many workers feel pressure to give an "up close and personal" experience with sharks or whales, this is rarely possible due to local norms and legislation (Boquen, 2022). In an effort to impress their guests, they could be tempted to treat animals roughly by getting too close to them too quickly or from the improper angle of view (working with pets is never easy because they are constantly on the move and prone to falling over). The analysis concluded that the risk of injury to

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` 4 sharks and dolphins is higher when boats go at high speeds through areas frequented by these species (Jenkins, 2006).  Following the appropriate guidelines, such as keeping close distances and idling or turning off machines in order to read what the animals are going to do, is much more likely to produce a consistent and enjoyable experience for the considered animals, who are much more likely towards becoming comfortable and act normally or intriguingly than when they feel intimidated or chased (Joyner & Payne, 2002). Before, comparable instances in Loreto Bay, Mexico, and Port Phillip Bay, Australia, caused service providers to delay projects, withdraw, and allow animals to choose the parameters of collaboration.  Focus your marketing efforts on promoting responsible whale-watching practices and you'll stand out from the competitors. Studies show that whale-watching visitors care deeply about conservation in the communities where they become involved, and they do not want to add to the stress or overcrowding of sharks or dolphins (Joyner & Payne, 2002). Furthermore, it is made clear that captains of boats can pull off a successful excursion' within the setting of these visitors as opposed to the standard approach of rushing to add to an already crowded selection of whales. Personal Attributes of becoming a successful entrepreneur I believe strongly in constant innovation, which is ensured by adding increased value to my customers’ experiences. This is ensured by offering exclusive and unique packages and services to my customers.  Incorporating a structured educational component into whale-watching excursions is one method to guarantee that visitors have a delightful and enlightening day. If the whales or dolphins involved with the planned program do not show up as scheduled or do not perform their spectacular behaviors (Urban & Govender, 2017), this might

` 5 function as a form of insurance to ensure that guests still enjoy a wonderful and rewarding experience. Visitors who cannot take advantage of high-quality environmental education opportunities throughout their trips will look elsewhere. If this type of component is incorporated into a whale-watching voyage, it has the possibility to become the first and most essential source of knowledge about whales or dolphins for the vast majority of tourists. It has the ability to affect tourists' perceptions of conservation and their desire to join conservation projects if it is well structured and implemented, such as through replicating whale viewing experiences and post-tour engagement.  Including local history and customs in the tours would make a difference in the service offerings, as visitors from out of town will likely be interested in learning as much as they can about the area's history and culture. Businesses in the tourism industry are more likely to succeed in winning over customers and receiving rave reviews if they actively seek out methods to include these elements in their offerings. Classes taught by native teachers or by boat captains with a local/traditional knowledge base (such as former fishermen or whalers) can be a great way to learn about the area you know the area better and can relate stories (perhaps interpreted through the manual) about the sea, but their own or their ancestors' experience and thought about whales or other marine species could be used in this way. Operators could also benefit from stocking their scheduled offices with locally made art and wares, or many people would like to think about cutting their travel time in half. Question 3 You can use SkipTheDishes to find restaurants in your area that offer delivery or close pickup spots. Food can be ordered ahead of time for pickup or delivered at a certain time. The option to choose the eatery from which you wish to place an order is now available. Like

` 6 Uber Eats, Deliveroo, and other popular food delivery services, SkipTheDishes handles everything from ordering to delivery. The only thing left for your business to do is prepare food. Your customers can now order from you via the SkipTheDishes website or mobile app. Once the order is authorized and paid for, it is sent to your restaurant to be prepared. When it is ready, couriers from SkipTheDishes will pick it up from a restaurant of your choice and deliver it to the customer. Customers have the option of picking up their orders at the restaurant, which is known as "pickup." A company's marketing mix is its collection of promotional efforts, customer outreach strategies, and market penetration tactics (Polo, 2018). Every successful business relies on the 4Ps of marketing: product, pricing, placement, and promotion. Presented below is the marketing mix for the SkipTheDishes service. Product Users of SkipTheDishes are able to make well-informed dining decisions with the help of the site's comprehensive restaurant reviews and search features. Restaurants without their own websites can still attract customers by providing them with a visual menu. The ability of SkipTheDishes to aid consumers in locating the best places for their needs has validated the company's motto, "Chill this summer with SkipTheDishes." Their offerings include point-of-sale systems, restaurant discovery tools, custom app development, reservation management, and online ordering (InPractise, 2021). The company's website features information on over 16,000 different restaurants. Price Restaurants can list their establishments on SkipTheDishes at no cost to themselves. This, however, does not eliminate the prospect of payment from the restaurants. Sponsored banner ads, reservations at local eateries, and sales of event tickets are the three most common ways that businesses make money online (Renub Research, 2021). We use the term "event ticketing" to describe the practice of selling admission to public gatherings, such

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` 7 festivals and concerts, over the Internet. Online orders might add 15% to 20% to a restaurant's takeout fees, depending on their priority level (Rendaje, 2021). Place Whether a customer uses a Windows Phone, an Android, an iOS, or a watch, SkipTheDishes, an internet search engine, is available to you. The service is made available across various parts of Canada. Promotion The dish-delivery service SkipTheDishes is often regarded as a rare example of a brand that has found marketing success through content creation. One of, if not their primary, content marketing strategies is to use a lot of pictures of their items to attract customers. These products have been lauded for their ability to merely entertain. That is to say, images are very important in advertising (Rendaje, 2021). However, the right image, and not just any old image, must be chosen. No matter how serious you are, you have to admit that every single photo on SkipTheDishes is just too cute not to smile at. So, it would be prudent to keep checking back to see if they add any additional content. The information available on SkipTheDishes is always evolving, with almost the same message presented in different forms. In this case, SkipTheDishes has shown that he is truly one-of-a-kind, rather than merely talking the talk. Undoubtedly, SkipTheDishes has created a robust marketing strategy to back the brand, which has dominated the rich home. To get people to pay attention to business, it is wise to use online platforms. Because mobile phones were integral to the operation of our system. And in today's world, most people invest their time in digital media. Thus, we maintain constant vigilance over the various channels available for digital advertising, which is to say, it is not limited to that medium alone.

` 8 Question 4 Since I took over as CEO of our chocolate factory after my father’s retirement, we have been facing intense competition. I have had to make certain changes to the organization's structure and the approach it adopts for creating chocolate in order to be successful as CEO. Presented below are the change strategies proposed. I have been thrust into the role of CEO with little expertise in the field beyond a general understanding of business. Because of this, I plan to seek advice and guidance from the most knowledgeable workers and implement additional safety measures, including boosting the number of managers and supervisors from four to six. Increasing the number of managers aids in decision-making, activity management, and project planning. To grow, maintain order, and perform effectively, a team needs to have a number of people with a voice in deciding its course. Assigning tasks to staff is one way a manager can facilitate their development and improve their productivity (Voinova, 2017). Managers keep an eye on their staff in order to plan for future expansion. The administration has the ability to establish priorities and provide guidance for the team's development and enhancement. Additionally, managers will relay information to us about company goals, performance targets, and opportunities to exceed these. If we let our managers know what we hope to accomplish, they will be more likely to keep us interested and engaged in our work. In order to boost output and efficiency, we will be upgrading our machinery and equipment to newer, more modern models. Monthly checks will be performed to identify mechanical faults. It is crucial for managers and supervisors to be able to spot bottlenecks in the process, report them, and work to eliminate them as soon as feasible. Reduced product efficiency is a direct result of unnecessary labor costs and poor management of employees, both of which can cost our organization over a million dollars annually if left unchecked (Voinova, 2017). The implementation of well-equipped systems for recycling and reusing

` 9 rubbish quickly would boost efficiency and reduce expenses. Also employed will be any leftovers or scraps that may have occurred during preparation. Applying a cutting-edge software system will help us create a shared body of knowledge for the team and make it easier to implement consistent practices in terms of instruction. We will standardize our processes so we can monitor outcomes and make adjustments as needed. By offering proper training, enhancing communication, and utilizing plain language, we can help workers adapt to changes. Because one person can affect the organization's production, we will encourage employees to communicate clearly and participate in debates. We will provide workers with regular feedback and showcase our company's transformation results to keep them. Workplaces must be safe and respectful. Union members will be paid in accordance with the union contract, and non-union workers will be paid fairly (Brown & Warren, 2011). To make the change effective, we must first recognize its need. To implement the change effectively, we must plan and put in the effort, and we must involve employees and workers. In the end, the plan and revisions must be evaluated. In conclusion, we have chosen to implement all necessary changes to increase the efficiency of our production unit while keeping our current staff intact. All necessary actions and procedures will be taken after thorough planning and comprehension. My hopes are that it will encourage the growth of our company and make us more competitive in the marketplace. Question 5 Those interested in investing in the retail and footwear industries would do well to consider Nike and Adidas as potential stock partners. Both equities have been analyzed in order to make an informed investment decision. Information from accounting records and ratio calculations aids my decision-making. By calculating the quantitative relation ratio and, by extension, the rate of return on total assets, I was able to assess the competitiveness of the

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` 10 two firms. Nike, which is regarded as the Greek goddess of Victory is exhausted from the United States' and China's ongoing trade conflict (SCMP Reporters, 2020). Oversubscribed Nike inventory dropped from about 29 cents per dollar to 12 cents per dollar (Rizzo, 2022). Adidas UN Agency increased its value from 13 cents per dollar to 16 cents per dollar despite the trade conflict. Each firm earns more than the standard 5% return on investment (adidas, 2018). This is because both firms control their own supply chains, meaning that there are no added expenses for independent retailers. Adidas is expanding while the Greek god is staying the same size in 2018. Another reason is that competitors like Adidas are stealing business away from the Greek gods by making superior items. For both businesses, ROI of total assets has been calculated. According to the brief research conducted for the purpose of the current work, Nike's assets generated an 8.9% return in 2018. The rate in 2017 of 19.40% was the lowest on record. The profit margin of 9.88% for Adidas's UN agency in 2017. During 2018, ROA rose to a new high of 11.86% (Datahut, 2020). The percentages this person has achieved are higher than the average of 5.25 percent in their field. Because of the company's innovative marketing and partnerships with influential people, new Adidas sneakers are almost always pre-ordered when they are released. Their investments in assets are producing excellent results. Ratios of Financial health for the chosen companies The following are some key financial metrics for both companies. Solvency Ratio My quantitative metrics selected were the debt ratio and times-interest-earned ratio. Each company is in heavy debt (Vaishnavi & Jain, 2020). Nike and Adidas share 0.5926 debt in 2018. Companies must leverage to expand. It shows that equities can rise or fall even with little risk. adidas and Nike want cheaper prices. I then considered the Greek god-Adidas connection. In 2018, the time-interest-earned was 23.10. Adidas scored 51.62 in 2018

` 11 (Vaishnavi & Jain, 2020). Companies average 25.69. 2018's financial struggles hurt their relationship. Creditors and investors view this negatively. Adidas's times-interest-earned ratio doubled from 2017 to 2018. Adidas is investing in larger loans, which will fuel the company’s expansion (Darmawan & Grenier, 2021). Liquidity Nike and Adidas are illiquid stocks. This ratio shows which stock to buy. Nike connection was 0.5 in 2018 and 0.94 in 2017. Adidas' 2017 ratio was 1.4 to 1.33. Likewise, Nike has a greater than ordinary current relation (0.6), whilst Adidas has a below-average current relation (0.1) (Datahut, 2020). Nike pays up all current debts over time to prove it is indeed debt-free. Nike's money relation dropped from 0.69 to 0.70 in 2018. Adidas' 2018 score was 0.42 and 2017's was 0.28. 0.50 is standard (Datahut, 2020). Every company with more liabilities over cash reserves must sell strategic assets to pay creditors. Instead of saving, they invested. The Common-Size Balance Sheet It demonstrates how alike the companies are. That goddess pays double Adidas' taxes. Their net profit drops. Adidas can generate future profit despite higher operating costs than companies that merely report sales. Nike costs $72.76 and Adidas $112.64 (Datahut, 2020). Since these are really not dividend equities, their pricing has been ignored. Conclusion Considering both companies' ratios, Adidas is the better investment. The organization outperforms in almost every category. Adidas has more room to grow than Nike. Nike has not updated its shoe technologies or introduced popular new models, which has irritated customers. Adidas continues to innovate with Boost and 3D-printed 4D shoe models. Adidas' solid financial records validate its pick.

` 12 References adidas. (2018). adidas delivers record results in 2018 . Adidas-Group.com. https://www.adidas-group.com/en/media/news-archive/press-releases/2019/adidas- delivers-record-results-2018/ Boquen, A. (2022, August 8). Doing Business in Canada [5 Benefits and 3 Challenges] . Nhglobalpartners.com. https://nhglobalpartners.com/doing-business-in-canada/ Brown, T. C., & Warren, A. M. (2011). Performance management in unionized settings. Human Resource Management Review , 21 (2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.09.005 Darmawan, D., & Grenier, E. (2021). Competitive Advantage and Service Marketing Mix. Journal of Social Science Studies (JOS3) , 1 (2), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.56348/jos3.v1i2.9 Datahut. (2020, April 30). Nike vs Adidas: Competitive Analysis with Data Visualizations . Medium. https://data-hut.medium.com/nike-vs-adidas-competitive-analysis-with-data- visualizations-b95e672bd7ff Ebert, R. J., Griffin, R. W., Starke, F. A., & Dracopoulos, G. (2017). Chapter 1: Understanding the Canadian Business System. In Business essentials (pp. 5–27). Pearson. InPractise. (2021, February 18). Uber Eats, SkipTheDishes & Food Delivery Business Models . Inpractise.com. https://inpractise.com/articles/ubereats-canada-logistics Jackson, E. (2018, July 24). Canada has one of the world’s most protected telecom sectors — and the rates to show for it. Financial Post . https://financialpost.com/telecom/tight- reins-leaves-our-telecom-sector-open-to-criticism-but-sadly-not- competition#:~:text=Telecom%20Canada%20has%20one%20of%20the%20world %E2%80%99s%20most

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` 13 Jenkins, H. (2006). Small Business Champions for Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics , 67 (3), 241–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9182-6 Joyner, B. E., & Payne, D. (2002). Evolution and Implementation: A Study of Values, Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics , 41 (4), 297–311. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021237420663 Mukherjee, A. (2021, July 27). Canada’s Competitiveness in the Global New Economy - Apala Mukherjee . TheFutureEconomy.ca. https://thefutureeconomy.ca/interviews/canadas-competitiveness-in-the-global-new- economy/#:~:text=Canada%20has%20a%20lot%20of%20great%20characteristics %20that Polo, M. P. (2018). Acts or events? A perspective from the marketing mix. IROCAMM- International Review of Communication and Marketing Mix , 1 (1), 56–66. Rendaje, M. (2021, November 23). 18 Canadian Food Delivery Statistics . Reviewlution. https://reviewlution.ca/resources/food-delivery-statistics/#:~:text=The%20Canadian %20food%20delivery%20market%20is%20projected%20to Renub Research. (2021). Canada Foodservice Market Size, Share, Growth, Forecast 2022- 2027. In www.renub.com . https://www.renub.com/canada-foodservice-market-p.php Rizzo, L. (2022, September 29). Nike shares fall as overstocked inventory weighs on earnings . CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/29/nike-nke-earnings-q1-2023.html Roundy, P. T., & Burke-Smalley, L. (2021). Leveraging entrepreneurial ecosystems as human resource systems: A theory of meta-organizational human resource management. Human Resource Management Review , 32 (4), 100863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100863 SCMP Reporters. (2020, April 13). What is the US-China trade war? South China Morning Post. https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3078745/what-us-

` 14 china-trade-war-how-it-started-and-what-inside-phase#:~:text=The%20US-China %20trade%20war%20started%20on%206%20July Urban, B., & Govender, T. (2017). Cultivating an Entrepreneurial Mind-Set through Transformational Leadership: A Focus on the Corporate Context. Managing Global Transitions , 15 (2), 123–143. https://doi.org/10.26493/1854-6935.15.123-143 Vaishnavi, P. V., & Jain, J. (2020, August 26). Adidas vs. Nike: Who’s Leading In The Market. StartupTalky . https://www.startuptalky.com/adidas-vs-nike/ Voinova, S. (2017). WAYS OF EFFICIENCY IMPROVING OF MODERN PRODUCTION. Automation of Technological and Business Processes , 9 (3). https://doi.org/10.15673/atbp.v9i3.716

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