Bio 1802 Ex 1

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Appalachian State University *

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1802

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Biology

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Apr 3, 2024

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BioCORE Trainee Ex 1 Digital Lab Notebook BioCORE™ Lab Notebook Ex 1: Observe and Describe 35/35 Name: Autumn Peters Course: Bio 1802 Lab Section: 212 Course Mentor: Christian Cline Date: 2/1/2024

BioCORE Trainee Ex 1 Digital Lab Notebook Table of Contents This lab notebook is to be used for the following pre-lab activities through AsULearn, virtual labs in Connect, and in-lab activities: Topic: Page # or Range: 1. Background Research : page 3-10 Included activities: Pre-lab Activities and Assignments Activity 1 Biodiversity and Classification Activity 2 Biological Drawing Skills Activity 3 Dichotomous Keys Activity 4 Macroinvertebrates as Environmental Indicators 2. Field Work : page 10-13 Included activities: Ex 1 In-Lab Activities and Assignments Activity 1 Biodiversity and Classification Activity 2 Biological Drawing Skills Activity 3 Dichotomous Keys Activity 4 Macroinvertebrates as Environmental Indicators 3. Analysis of Observations and Research: page 13-15 Included activities: Post-lab Activities and Assignments Post-lab Reading: Data Deficient Species Threatened by Extinction Ex 1 Virtual Lab Concepts Check (Connect): Sampling Biodiversity Comprehension Assessment 4. (Optional) Study Notes: d

BioCORE Trainee Ex 1 Digital Lab Notebook 1/02/2024 Exercise 1: Observe and Describe Biodiversity Background Research: notes from pre-lab activities and assignments . Before beginning, access the Exercise 1 Observe and Describe Handout and read it thoroughly. The check boxes provided below represent AsULearn resources or activities that you are asked to examine and complete- check the checkbox once the online resource or activity has been completed. Please answer the prompts using the provided textboxes. Activity 1 Background Research: Biodiversity and Classification Pre-lab Mini-lecture: Crash Course Taxonomy ▢ Nice answers for these! 1. What is the goal of taxonomy? Why is taxonomy important (to humans)? The goal of taxonomy is figuring where all the branches of the evolutionary tree are. Taxonomy is important to humans because evolution is to complicated for us to understand with structure 2. List the levels of biological classification and consider how you will memorize the order. Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Don't kill penguins cause they obey food games and shit (hilarious) 3. What are the 4 categories within Domain Eukarya? What level of biological classification do these categories represent? Protista- single cell organisms both heterotrophs and autotrophs, fungi-heterotrophs, plantae-plants autotrophs, animalia-animal heterotrophs >We will explore Domain Bacteria, Domain Archaea, and Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Protista in the Ex 2 and Ex 3 labs, Kingdom Fungi in the Ex 4 lab, Kingdom Plantae in the Ex 5 and 6 labs, and Kingdom Animalia in the Ex 7 and 8 labs. 4. Does the biological classification level of “class” have more or less diversity than at the “family” level? Explain. Class has more diversity than family because it is a broader term, which means it requires less traits to be in the class then a specific family. Also many different families are within one class Practice activity: Binomial Nomenclature ▢

BioCORE Trainee Ex 1 Digital Lab Notebook Carolina Hemlocks are a native tree species found only in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Test your knowledge of the binomial system by answering the following questions regarding the species name for Carolina Hemlocks presented here: tsuga caroliniana 5. The species name presented here is incorrectly formatted. What needs to be corrected for the formatting to be corrected (remember that formatting changes based on whether a binomial name is written or typed). Name must be in italics 6. What is the correctly formatted genus for Carolina Hemlocks? tsuga Remember to capitalize the first letter of the genus! 7. What is the correctly formatted specific epithet for Carolina Hemlocks? caroliniana 8. What is the correctly formatted species for Carolina Hemlocks? carolinana “ Tsuga caroliniana” Genus + specific epithet=species. Also, if you’re handwriting, remember to underline it! Pre-lab Reading: Number of Species on Earth ▢ 9. From Abstract section of paper: What percentage of species are estimated to be uncataloged and still awaiting description on Earth? In the Ocean? Earth: 86% Ocean: 91% 10. From Discussion section of paper: Where do the authors suggest that many of the undiscovered species may be “hiding”? Are there certain types of organisms that are believed to be less represented and in need of discovery/cataloging? “ This suggests that the bulk of species that remain to be discovered are likely to be small-ranged and perhaps concentrated in hotspots and less explored areas such as the deep sea and soil” The organism that are less represented are small body-size and cryptic nature

BioCORE Trainee Ex 1 Digital Lab Notebook 11. The goal of the scientific research paper was to estimate how many species there still are to discover. Why do you think this might be an important goal? What are the possible implications of this research? This is an important goal because it can help us better understand Earth's biodiversity, also it is very important for conservation efforts. Since the species are undiscovered we have no idea how vital they are to our plants ecosystem and what a potential extinction of the species could do to Earth and the ecosystem. Some possible implications of this research are biotechnology and medicine. These unknown species could be of great services as medicine that could help against some illness we do not know how to treat yet. Understanding unknown species also can help us fill in some evolution gaps and questions we have, this can help us better understand the history of all species on Earth. Activity 2 Background Research: Biological Drawing Skills Pre-lab Reading: Important Elements of Biological Drawings ▢ Pre-lab Video Resource: Example of Proper Biological Drawing Technique ▢ 12. Consider your learning style. How might drawing a specimen be beneficial to your understanding of the materials? Drawing a specimen will be beneficial to me and my learning style because it will help me visually see the materials. I also remember things much better when I write them down. 13. For each component of a biological drawing, consider the importance of including that component, where/how they physically are positioned in comparison to the drawing itself, and any special notes. 1. Drawing: diagrams are best to represent a specimen and showcase them, no shading 2. Labels: should be straight and it indicates organelles or important information of the drawn specimen/organism 3. Notes: give info on the diagram 4. Title: these are important because it gives the audience insight on what the drawing is about, goes below the drawing Practice activity: Important Components of a Biological Drawing ▢ Provided here is a biological drawing for reference:

BioCORE Trainee Ex 1 Digital Lab Notebook Figure 1.1 Biological Drawing of cross-section of a leaf. 14. Based on your knowledge of biological drawings, identify any missing component(s) or any critiques you have of the biological drawing provided in Figure 1.1. The diagram itself is not specific and detailed enough to dictate what the organism or specimen is. The biological drawing is also missing a title which is highly important in showcasing the organism/living being drawn. Reference the Ex 1 Handout ▢ Using the unidentified specimen from the Ex 1 Handout, fill out Table 1.1. You will be asked to reference this data during an in-lab activity we will complete during our lab meeting. Table 1.1. Diagnostic Features of Three Unidentified Macroinvertebrate Specimen. Diagnostic Features and General Notes for Specimen 1 - Head - Thorax - jointed legs - Abdomen - wingpad - tail filaments - Abdominal gills Diagnostic Features and General Notes for Specimen 2 - Wing pads - Tail filaments - Abdominal gills

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