DSW 7. Biol Membranes - Fall 2023 (1)

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Austin Community College District *

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311C

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Biology

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Dec 6, 2023

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BIO 311C Introductory Biology I K. Sathasivan Discussion Section Worksheet – 7: Biological Membranes Please make an attempt to answer these questions before coming to discussion. We will guide you through the questions and help facilitate discussion. Attendance and active participation at discussions is expected. Complete this DSW, and upload in Canvas by Friday 10 PM. 1. Draw the structure of a biological membrane with simplified structures of phospholipid (saturated and unsaturated), integral and peripheral proteins, sterols and oligosaccharides. Label the structures and write their functions in parenthesis. (Do not copy paste from the web) 2. A. Complete the following Table with two examples of each type of molecules . Polarity Small (1 – 100Da) Medium (100 – 1000Da) Large (>1000Da) Polar Water, NH3 Glucose, sucrose, amino acids DNA, RNA Steroids, alanine CO2, O2 Steroids, carotenoids, hydrocarbons Fats, triglycerides, lipids B. Write one possible mode of transport is possible for each of these molecules. Polarity Small (1 – 100Da) Medium (100 – 1000Da) Large (>1000Da) Polar facilitated diffusion Active transport Exocytosis, endocytosis Non-polar Simple diffusion Simple diffusion Exocytosis, endocytosis
C. Label the diagrams of cells using the following terms : diffusion, active transport, osmosis, and equilibrium. Draw arrows to show the direction of transport . You may use the terms more than once! 1.simple diffusion, 2.Osmosis, 3.facilitated Diffusion (polar and medium), 4.osmosis hypotonic, 5.diffuson. 6. Osmosis, hypotonic (water is greater than) D. Using the graph on the right, answer the questions below. Aquaporin is a protein channel (transmembrane protein) used for rapid diffusion of water through the plasma membrane (faster than simple osmosis). It’s present in all kingdoms of life. Oocytes are egg cells. For more info, visit this link: https://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/aquaporins/ 1. Why did the cells placed in a hypotonic solution, with the aquaporin mRNA increase in volume? Because the oocyte has aquaporin allowing more water entered up and it swelled 2. What happened at time point X? At the point X the oocyte was swelled up and went over the relative volume because it had mRNA (burst) 3. What would happen if the two cells were placed in a hypertonic solution or isotonic solution? If they were both placed in a hypertonic solution the oocyte with mRNA would have a low relative volume and they would shrink more, and the oocyte without mRNA would shrink less quicker. And if they were both placed in an isotonic solution, they would be at equilibrium with each other.
E. List the three different sources of energy used in active transport and one example for each source. Primary active transport (sodium potassium pump) Secondary active transport (glucose sodium pump) Large scale transport (transporting DNA and RNA) F. You had a lunch with rice, beans, and chicken salad. Select any groups of macromolecules from these food items and mention how they are transported from your intestine into the epithelial (outer surface) cells close to the intestine. Carbohydrates ( transported to the epithelial cell by common proteins through secondary active transport) Proteins (Phosphorylation protein is transported from ATP changing the shape of the protein which allows it to enter the epithelial cell)
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