Week 3 quiz reading questions no3 corrected (1)

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Dec 6, 2023

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1. This question relates to Chapter 3 Section 3.6. Which of the following best describes the meaning of "copy number variation (CNV)" as the term is used in this section? Answer choices: - Blocks of DNA are duplicated, resulting in multiple copies arranged in tandem at a single site in the genome - The number of paralogs in a gene family varies between species - Blocks of DNA are duplicated, resulting in multiple copies dispersed throughout a single genome - The number of copies of each chromosome varies among species (some are diploid, some tetraploid, etc.) 2. This question relates to Chapter 4 Section 4.4 (including Table 4.3). Match each repair mechanism to the type(s) of mutation(s) it can repair. Mutation types can be chosen more than once. Repair mechanisms: Proofreading during DNA replication via 3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase Nucleotide excision repair (mammals) Non-homologous end joining Mismatch repair (after DNA replication) Photoreactivation (in most non-mammals) Mutation types: Thymine dimer Double strand DNA break Mispairing of bases Chemical modification of bases 3. This question relates to Chapter 4 Section 4.5. Match each mutation type to the best description of it (use each description only once): Mutation types: Nonsense mutation Missense mutation Frameshift mutation Indel Descriptions: Changes a codon encoding an amino acid to a stop codon Changes the amino acid encoded by a codon Insertion or deletion of some number of nucleotides that is not a multiple of 3 Insertion or deletion of any number of bases

4. This question relates to Chapter 4 Section 4.5 Which of the following protects our cells from becoming cancer cells? Answer choices: - Oncogenes - Proto-oncogenes - Driver genes - Passenger genes - Tumor suppressor genes 5. This question relates to Chapter 5 Box 5.1. Mutant alleles are usually recessive to wild type alleles. In which of the following situations is this "rule of thumb" broken? Answer choices: - When there is a loss of function mutation in a haplo-insufficient gene - When a mutation causes a gene to be over-expressed or the gene product is not inactivated when it should be - When a mutant gene product interferes with the function of the wild type gene product - All of these 6. This question relates to Chapter 15 Section 15.4 pgs. 624-628. Which of the following statements best describes how the use of temperature sensitive mutants made it possible to draw conclusions about when in the cell cycle each of the genes discovered in the yeast cdc mutant screen acts to promote cell cycle progression? Answer choices: - Shifting mutants from permissive to restrictive temperature caused cells to accumulate at the stage of division where each gene functions, which could be determined by examining division- arrested cell under the microscope - Shifting mutants from restrictive to permissive temperature caused cells to accumulate at the stage of division where each gene functions, which could be determined by examining division- arrested cell under the microscope

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