week 2 bio 202 openstax assignment ch 18

BIO 202: Human Anatomy & Physiology II November 05, 2023 Week 2 OpenStax assignment answers Chapter 18 – The Cardiovascular System: Blood 1. There are values given for percent saturation, tension, and blood gas, and there are listings for different types of hemoglobin. 2. blood doping increases the number of red blood cells in a person's body, which leads to its thickening and can put a person at the risk of multiple different heart diseases including stroke, pulmonary embolism and risk of dangerous pathogens entering the body. 3. this smear is normal. blood contains around 50-70% neutrophils, 2-4% eosinophils, 1% basophils, 20-30% lymphocytes, and 2-4% monocytes. 4. the endothelium does not have access to collagen and platelet tissue factor that play an important role in the initiation of the coagulation mechanism. 5. c. blood is slightly more viscous than water. 6. b. It is the most abundant plasma protein. 7. d. immunoglobulin 8. c. platelets 9. a. It facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of the erythrocyte lineage. 10. d. all of the above 11. a. They have no nucleus. 12. c. consists of four globin proteins, each bound to a molecule of heme 13. d. copper, zinc, and vitamin B12. 14. c. macrophages 15. d. polycythemia 16. c. emigration 17. b. abundant, granular, especially effective against bacteria. 18. b. are involved with specific immune function. 19. a. basophils 20. d. platelets 21. a. vascular spasm 22. c. common pathway 23. b. inadequate production of clotting factors 24. c. agglutination 25. b. lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes. 26. d. an Rh− mother is carrying a second Rh+ fetus 27. The patient's blood is approx. 58% plasma (since the buffy coat is less than 1%). 28. They formed elements include erythrocytes and leukocytes, which are cells (although mature erythrocytes do not have a nucleus); however, the formed elements also include platelets, which are not true cells but cell fragments. 29. False. the buffy coat is the portion of blood that is made up of its leukocytes and platelets.