Week 3, Lab Part 2.pdf

Springle 1 Cassian James Springle Professor Bowles NSCI 110 09 November 2023 Week 3 Lab, Part 2: The JWT Deep Field

Springle 2 To finish this part, we will do the same thing for the JWT Deep Field and address the following: 1. What is a “Deep Field” image? a. A "Deep Field" image is a photograph taken by a telescope that captures an extended exposure of a small, seemingly empty region of the sky, revealing numerous distant galaxies. The goal is to observe faint and distant objects that may be missed in shorter exposures, providing a comprehensive view of the universe. 2. Have we taken these sorts of “deep field” images before? a. Yes, deep field images have been taken before. The Hubble Space Telescope, for example, captured iconic images like the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) and the Hubble Deep Field (HDF). These images have significantly contributed to our understanding of the early universe and the abundance of galaxies. 3. How does the JWT compare to other telescopes of the past (if applicable)? a. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWT) represents a grand leap in astronomical observation— poised to outshine its predecessors, notably the Hubble Space Telescope. Its cutting-edge instrumentation and expansive

Springle 3 mirror, dwarfing those of previous telescopes, empower the JWST to peer into the universe with unparalleled precision. b. Unlike its forerunners, the JWST excels in infrared observations, a capability that promises to unveil previously hidden cosmic phenomena, providing an extraordinary level of clarity and intricate detail that significantly elevates our understanding of the cosmos. 4. What are some of the physics that appears in this galaxy (like why do some galaxies seem to be stretched out or duplicated/mirrored)? You may find this link helpful in discussing some of that: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2022/07/Webb_s_first_deep_field a. In this image of galaxy cluster “SMACS 0723,” the physics observed includes gravitational lensing. The combined mass of the galaxy cluster acts as a gravitational lens, bending and magnifying the light from more distant galaxies behind it. This creates mirrored, distorted, or stretched images of background galaxies. 5. Approximately what fraction of the night sky is this image covering? a. “The image covers a patch of the sky approximately the size of a grain of sand held at arm's length.”

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Springle 4 6. Finally, just simply include one reaction that you and at least one other person had to any of the images from the JWT thus far. a. After exploring the images captured by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWT), I was genuinely impressed by the wealth of intricate details packed into what appears to be a relatively small patch of the sky. It made me realize how vast and fascinating the cosmos truly are, stretching far beyond my own understanding. b. My wife, on the other hand, couldn't believe that the showcased image represented only a fraction of the night sky; she thought it covered the whole expanse. Despite our differing perceptions, we both shared a sense of excitement about the vastness and the unknown elements awaiting discovery out there. The JWT images sparked a curiosity about the universe's depth and beauty that resonated with both of us.