Astronomy Quiz Insights: Key Concepts and Answers Explained

Unit 4: Question 1 1 / 1 point Adaptive optics : (Answer:) corrects for the blurring that occurs from the atmosphere in telescopic imagery Question 2 1 / 1 point Orbiting infrared telescopes create an advantage by … (Answer:) being able to stay cool in space without malfunctioning Question 3 1 / 1 point Compared to visible light waves, radio waves are ... ( Answer:) long and provide low resolution Question 4 1 / 1 point The best places to locate telescopes are - High - Dry - Dark Question 5 1 / 1 point Choose the 3 components of the system for measuring radiation from astronomical sources. - The detectors - The wavelengh sorting device - The telescope

Question 6 1 / 1 point CCD stands for : (Answer) charge-coupled device Question 7 1 / 1 point A radio dish can also be used as a radar telescope if it is equipped with a powerful transmitter as well as a receiver. (TRUE) Question 8 1/1 point Chromatic aberration is (Answer) : when a telescopic image become blurry due to the properties of glass lenses. Question 9 1/1 point Most modern professional telescopes are ________ telescopes. Answer: Reflecting Question 10 1/1 point Gamma rays can be detected … Answer: in space and on Earth's surface Question 11 1/1 point A 4-m telescope gathers ____ times the light of a 1-m telescope. Answer : 16 Question 12 1/1 point Above the atmosphere, stars would still twinkle in space. FALSE

Question 13 1 / 1 point Using different eyepieces in a telescope helps adjust the _________ of the image. Answer : Magnification Question 14 1/1 point Radar astronomy can be used to determine the ___ distance ___ to an object in space. Question 15 1/1 point With ancient astronomical observatories, like Stonehenge, the structures helped .... Answer : Track dates Question 16 1/1 point Which of the following types of radiation are only observed from space? Answer : X-rays Question 17 1 / 1 point ______ astronomy involves transmitting radio waves to an object and recording the time it takes the waves to hit that object and come back. Answer: Radar Question 18 1/1 point The Hubble Space Telescope mirror was an example of perfect craftsmanship and engineering which allowed for the creation of high-resolution images. FALSE

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Question 19 1 / 1 point The precision of detail in an image is called __________. Answer: Resolution Question 20 1 / 1 point Radio astronomers can achieve better resolution through the use of _______infrometers________. Question 21 1 / 1 point The primary job of a telescope is to capture as much radiation as possible from a source and bring it to a _____ for viewing/analysis Answer: focus Question 22 1/1 point A telescope that has only a lens and an eyepiece with no other lenses or mirrors is called a __________ telescope. Answer: refracting Question 23 1/1 point __________ is a computer process that monitors the sag of a mirror under its own weight and helps correct for it. Answer: active control Question 24 1/1 point An aperture is (answer) .. the diameter of the opening in a telescope

Unit 5: Question 1 : The ________ is a cloud of gas and dust from which the solar system formed. (Answer): solar nebula Question 2: All planets orbit around the Sun in the same direction, except for Saturn. (FALSE) Question 3: Jovian planets are composed mostly of ... (Answer): ices, gases, and liquids Question 4: Which four planets are considered the "terrestrial" planets? (Answer): Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Question 5: There are an estimated __________ comets in the Oort cloud. (Answer): 1 trillion Question 6: _________ are the first small bodies that coalesce before leading to protoplanets (Answer): planetesimals Question 7: A comet's tail always points away from the sun, but of the two tails, which one curves? (Answer): dust tail Question 8: Most of the asteroids in the solar system are found in between Mars and Jupiter. (TRUE)

Question 9: Short-period comets return in less than a ______century_____. Question 10: In the early days of the solar system, it is believed that Jupiter drifted ___ inward ___ (50 %) and the orbits of the other gas giants drifted ___ outward ___ (50 %) . Question 11: A fragment of debris that survives through the Earth's atmosphere and reaches the ground is called a: (Answer): Meteorite Question 12: NEAs will eventually either impact one of the terrestrial planets or the Sun itself, or (Answer): they will be ejected from the solar system Question 13: The long-period comets come from the Kuiper Belt. (FALSE) Question 14: A comet is (Answer) : an icy body orbiting the Sun Question 15: A bright flash of light in the night sky is a … (Answer) : meteor Question 16: The Ort cloud is believed to extend out to a distance of _____AU (Answer): 50,000 Question 17: The total number of meteors visible over the entire Earth is about (Answer): 25 million per day

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Question 18: What are two ways that astronomers observe the age of planets? (Answer): - calculating the radioactive decay of individual rocks - counting craters Question 19: The growth of a planetesimal by attracting their matter gravitationally is called: (Answer): Accretion Question 20: The four Jovian planets are … (Answer): Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Question 21: The direction (or point) in space from which approaching meteor streams appear to diverge is called: (Answer): Radiant Question 22: Some radioactive atoms are called parents and the decay products are called .... (Answer): daughters Question 23: The most massive planet is ____Jupiter____. Question 24 :The time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay is called its __half-life______. Question 25: The solar system is expected to be around ___ billion years old. (Answer): 4.5

Question 26: NEOs stands for __________. (Answer): Near-Earth Objects Question 27: Planetary differentiation is when… (Answer): Heavier metals sink towards the core and silicates rise towards the surface Question 28: Objects that exhibit properties of both asteroids and comets are referred to as ____centaurs_____. Question 29: Meteorite classes consist of ( Answer): All of the answers - Irons - Stony-irons - Stones Question 30: How can exoplanets be detected? (Answer): All of the answers - By measuring the brightness of the parent star when the planet transits. - By measuring the parent star's radial velocity as the planet orbits (provided the planet is large enough). - In some cases by direct imaging

Unit 6: Question 1: How many times do ocean tides happen in a day? (Answer): Twice Question 2: The Moon causes the tides because it pulls on the Earth with a _________ force. (Answer) differential Question 3: The pull of the Moon on the Earth stretches the Earth slightly. (TRUE) Question 4: How are many mountains created? (Answer): Two continental plates collide and push up against each other under great pressure. Question 5: Match each of these qualities to the layer of the atmosphere to which they belong. Question 6: Match the kind of rock to its description.

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Question 7: Match the term to its definition. Rift zones – The plates pull apart from each other. Mountain Building – Two plates collide and push upwards Fault zones – The plates slide alongside each other. Subduction zones – The plates collide and one is dragged underneath the other. Question 8: The trapping of heat from the sun by certain gas types, such as CO 2 in our atmosphere is known as the ______greenhouse effect_____. Question 9 ;There is a slow and continuous leakage of Earth's atmosphere. (TRUE) Question 10: What are seismic waves? (Answer) : Waves that spread through the interior of the Earth caused by things like earthquakes or explosions.

Question 11: What are the direct causes of rising sea levels? - The melting of the glaciers. - The expansion of water as its temperature increases. Question 12: What causes Earth's magnetic field? (Answer) : Moving liquid metal in Earth's outer core. Question 13: What is the effect of the solar wind on the magnetosphere? - The solar wind stretches the magnetosphere in the direction pointing away from the Sun. - The solar wind causes charged particles to become trapped in the magnetosphere. - The solar wind stretches the magnetosphere in the direction pointing toward the Sun. Question 14: What is the importance of the ozone layer? (Answer): It prevents dangerous ultraviolet light from reaching Earth's surface and without this protection, life could only exist within the oceans. Question 15: What occurs at a subduction zone? (Answer): The thinner oceanic plates are dragged beneath the thicker continental plates and into the upper mantle. Question 16: What two types of rock is the Earth's crust made up of?

- Basalt - Granite Question 17: Which of the following are common theories about where Earth's atmosphere came from? - It could have been released from the interior of Earth through volcanic activity, after the Earth had already formed. - The atmosphere could have been formed with the rest of the Earth as it accumulated as left-over debris from the formation of the Sun. - It may have been derived from impacts by comets and asteroids from the outer parts of the solar system. Question 18: Why are there so few craters on Earth compared to other celestial bodies such as the moon? (Answer): Earth's active geology destroys craters over time. Question 19: Question 20: ___ climate ___ (50 %) is the term used to refer to the effects of the atmosphere that last over very long periods of time. ___ weather ___ (50 %) is the term used to refer to the circulation of the atmosphere. Question 21: Lunar maria are .... (Answer): All of these answers - Mainly on the side of the moon that faces Earth - Dark, due to past volcanic eruptions - The less cratered part of the Moon - 17% of the Moon's surface

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- Two of these answers Question 22 :Match the theories of the origin of the moon to its respective descriptions. Sister theory– The Earth and Moon were formed at the same time but independently Fission theory – Moon was once part of Earth, but separated early in its history Capture theory – The Moon was formed elsewhere in the solar system but was later acquired by the Earth Impact theory – Earth was struck by a Mars-sized body, knocking of material that later condensed Question 23: The Apollo missions accomplished many tasks and paved way for our current understanding of our moon. The missions… - Left sensors behind to collect data - Found viable areas (underneath the surface of the moon) for humans to live in the near future - Collected nearly 400kg (overall) of samples to be analyzed - Captured extraterrestrial bacterium for experimentation in government laboratories - The command modules took pictures of the moon. Question 24: The Moon is almost made entirely of materials similar to the Earth's (Answer) : Mantle and crust

Question 25: Where is water found on the Moon? (Answer): In the form of ice in craters near the poles Question 26: Which of the following statements about lunar impacts or craters are true? (answer) : The size of the crater depends on the speed of the impact, but is normally around 10-15 times the diameter of the projectile. Question 27: Which of these statements are true? - Earth's rotation is slowing down - The moon is getting further from us over time Question 28: How were scientists able to determine the inner composition and structure of the Earth? (Answer) : Through studying seismic waves.

Astronomy Quizzes 4-6 ( Answers)

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