Telescopes

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University of Missouri, Columbia *

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1010

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Astronomy

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Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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T ELESCOPES AND L IGHT P ART I. W HICH T ELESCOPE S HOULD Y OU U SE ? The following are several real-world experiments which you are to imagine that you want to conduct. Determine which telescope you would apply for time with by determining the correct criteria of your experiment. Remember, getting time on a space telescope is more difficult if you could do the same experiment on the ground. There are cases where multiple correct answers are possible. Refer to the image on the next page as well as this week’s reading pages for help. Your choices for the next three questions are: Gamma-ray, X-ray, Ultraviolet (UV), Visible, Infrared (IR), Microwave, Radio 1. List the wavelengths which fully penetrate the atmosphere and reach sea level. Radio and Visible 2. List the wavelengths which partially penetrate the atmosphere and reach some ground. UV and infrared 3. List the wavelengths that do not penetrate the atmosphere to any ground level. X ray and Gamma Next, answer the following questions regarding each experiment. Note that there are multiple correct answers, but a wrong answer will cost you points. You may use the same wavelength range more than once, and some may not be used at all. There is a clue in each experiment description. 4. You want to measure the highest energy photons from a possible black hole accretion disk. What wavelength should you look? Gamma Ray Do you apply for a space telescope or a ground-based telescope? space telescope Why did you make this choice? I made this choice because gamma rays only reach the atmosphere and the telescope should be above the atmosphere 5. You want to take very fine resolution images of a star and its nearby companion star. What wavelength should you look? visible Do you apply for a space telescope or a ground-based telescope? (2) (2) (2) (3) (3)

ground based Why did you make this choice? I made this choice because a ground based telescope can be used when the wavelength is visible and reaches the ground level. 6. You want to search for star forming regions by looking for dusty nebulae. What wavelength should you look? infrared Do you apply for a space telescope or a ground-based telescope? space telescopic Why did you make this choice? I made this choice because IR doesn’t completely make it to the ground level 7. You want to take a large survey of galaxy shapes by imaging the entire sky (and galaxies are composed of stars). What wavelength should you look? Infrared Do you apply for a space telescope or a ground-based telescope? space telescopic Why did you make this choice? I made this choice because IR doesn’t completely make it to the ground level 8. You want to measure the spin rate of a pulsar by taking many, high speed measurements of low energy photons coming from the pulsar. What wavelength should you look? Radio Do you apply for a space telescope or a ground-based telescope? ground based Why did you make this choice? I made this choice because it is pretty easy for radio waves to reach ground level (3) (3) (3)

P ART II: T ELESCOPES AND L IGHT Look through the reading pages and then answer the questions. 1. What are the three functions of a telescope? Magnify Gather more light See fine detail 2. What is the main difference between a refractive telescope and a reflective telescope? Refractive- uses lenses to gather light Reflective- uses mirrors to gather light 3. Which one carries more energy, a blue photon or a red photon? Why? A blue photon because red carries a longer wavelength (2) (2)

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4. Which one travels faster, a blue photon or a red photon? Why? A red photon because red light has a smaller frequency therefore it would travel faster