Quiz 11

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Georgia Southern University *

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1000

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Astronomy

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Feb 20, 2024

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Quiz 11. The Age of Stellar Clusters Section 1 Question 1 (5 points) You observe two main sequence stars, star X and star Y. Star X is bluer than star Y. Which star has the smaller B-V color index? Question 1 options: x Star X Star Y Question 2 (5 points) You observe two main sequence stars, star X and star Y. Star X is bluer than star Y. Which star is hotter? Question 2 options: x Star X Star Y Question 3 (5 points) You observe two main sequence stars, star X and star Y. Star X is bluer than star Y. Which star has a shorter life span? Question 3 options: x Star X Star Y Section 2 Use the data in the following table to answer questions 4 to 7. STAR B Filter Magnitude V Filter Magnitude

Barnard's Star 11.24 9.51 Mintaka 2.01 2.41 Zavijava 4.16 3.61 Question 4 (5 points) According to the data in the table, which star is the brightest in the blue B filter? Question 4 options: Barnard's Star x Mintaka Zavijava Question 5 (5 points) According to the data in the table, which star has the lowest value of B-V color index? Question 5 options: Barnard's Star x Mintaka Zavijava Question 6 (5 points) According to the data in the table, which is the coolest star? Question 6 options: x Barnard's Star Mintaka Zavijava Question 7 (6 points)

According to the data in the table, which is the hottest star? Question 7 options: Barnard's Star x Mintaka Zavijava Section 3 Use the following figure to answer questions 8 and 9. Question 8 (7 points) According to the figure, which diagram corresponds to the oldest cluster? Question 8 options: Diagram a

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Diagram b x Diagram c Diagram d Question 9 (7 points) According to the figure, which diagram corresponds to the youngest cluster? Question 9 options: x Diagram a Diagram b Diagram c Diagram d Section 4 Question 10 (5 points) Which of the following statements about the life of a star with a mass like the Sun is correct? Question 10 options: before the star dies, it will fuse dozens of elements in its core x as the star is dying, a considerable part of its mass will be lost into space after the main sequence stage, there is no further fusion of hydrogen anywhere in the star at the end of its life, the star will explode as a supernova the core of this star will be too massive to form a white dwarf Question 11 (5 points) When a single star with a mass equal to the Sun dies, it will become a Question 11 options: x white dwarf

neutron star black hole pulsar burster Question 12 (5 points) Which of the following stages will the Sun definitely go through as it gets older? Question 12 options: red giant source of a planetary nebula white dwarf black dwarf x all the above Question 13 (5 points) Which of the following is a characteristic of degenerate matter in a white dwarf star? Question 13 options: helium is actively fusing into carbon electrons and protons join together in the nucleus to make neutrons and neutrinos the degenerate matter region is expanding as time passes, until it covers a region the size of the orbit of Mars x the electrons get as close to each other as possible and resist further compression the atoms drink, smoke, use bad language, and are attracted to the wrong kinds of particles Question 14 (5 points)

A white dwarf, compared to a main sequence star with the same mass, would always be: Question 14 options: redder in color x smaller in diameter the same size younger in age more massive Question 15 (5 points) Astronomers observe a young cluster of stars, where stars with three times the mass of the Sun are still on the main sequence of the H-R diagram. Yet the cluster contains two white dwarfs, each with a mass less than 1.4 times the mass of the Sun. If we can show that the white dwarfs are definitely part of the cluster, how can their presence so soon in the life of the cluster be explained? Question 15 options: the lower the mass of a star, the more quickly it goes through each stage of its life white dwarfs are what is left over after a star explodes and throws off 90% of its mass x some stars can lose a lot of mass on their way to becoming white dwarfs; thus the white dwarfs could have started out as quite massive stars stars less massive than 1.4 times the mass of the Sun go through the white dwarf stage in their lives before they become main sequence stars astronomers can think of no way to explain this problem; it has them completely baffled Question 16 (5 points) What incident in a massive star's life sets off (begins) the very quick chain of events that leads to a supernova explosion? Question 16 options: swelling up to become a red giant

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x the fusion of iron helium begins to fuse into carbon an event horizon forms the star's core becomes degenerate and the electrons don't allow further compression Question 17 (5 points) When the mass of a star's core is greater than 1.4 times the mass of the Sun, degenerate electrons can't keep it stable as a white dwarf. Instead, it becomes: Question 17 options: x a neutron star a planetary nebula a red giant a ball of solid iron, with layers of other elements around it a black dwarf Question 18 (5 points) Which of the following stages can only occur in the life of a low-mass star (whose final mass is less than 1.4 times the mass of the Sun)? Question 18 options: proto-star main-sequence red giant x white dwarf supernova Question 19 (5 points)

Your sweetheart gives you a piece of gold jewelry as a present to celebrate your passing your astronomy class. Where did the gold atoms in that gift originally come from (where were they most likely made)? Question 19 options: they were fused during the supergiant stage in the life of a massive star x they were built up from smaller nuclei during a supernova explosion they were fused during the main sequence stage of a low-mass star they were fused deep inside the hot core of the Earth a few million years ago they were produced from other atoms in the cool outer envelopes of a red giant star

Quiz 11

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