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ESSAY HEADER Student Full Name Katelynn Benitez Name of Museum Smithsonian National Museum of African American Art Location/URL of Museum https://africa.si.edu/collections/objects/20632/911? ctx=eecd39914832b419fc154416e897084bc0549056&idx=1 Date of Virtual Museum Visit COVID 1

Digital Photograph of the Art and/or URL 2

AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE RESEARCH ESSAY Prompt 1 Using the space provided below, analyze the work of art in at least two fully developed paragraphs with at least 200 words using the following guidelines:  Identify the most significant art principles that were used in the work of art, using at least three relevant and genre-specific vocabulary words, clearly describing how the artist used them. Provide a minimum of three specific, descriptive details to support the use of each selected art principle.  Select two adjectives describing the overall mood of the piece (stay away from vague terms such as amazing, awesome, excellent, etc.). Give a minimum of two specific/descriptive details to support your claims.  Use, cite, and incorporate at least one quality research source pertaining to your piece, its artist, style, and/or historical/cultural contexts. To find these sources, please try using Google Scholar and/or our college library. There are a lot of focal points such as the figure wearing fire fighter's uniform is canvassed in concrete dust I was stunned at the hour of the Twin Towers assault like the remainder of the world, that individuals could kill honest individuals with such ease. Sokari stated he used copper brass on the head of Christ figure to blend with the flames in the background. The main idea of this sculpture is the firemen posing as Christ in front of the two burning budlings, the context in the sculpture really shows how strong it is. This sculpture is beauiftul and has a lot of meaning and is centered around the theme of death and terror in my eyes, the way the fireman is posing as Jesus Christ is having so much depth behind it dying for us Americans, is what it is representing to me. The 911 evacuation of the was one of the biggest tall structure clearings of current occasions – requiring the clearing of approximately 17,400 individuals. Many consider the departure of the twin pinnacles as a triumph as 'just' an expected 2,092 building inhabitants neglected to get away according to the fire safety engineering group of university of Greenwich, UK. 4

Prompt 2 Using the space provided below, further analyze the work of art in at least two fully developed paragraphs with at least 200 words using the following guidelines:  Describe the main social, historical, and cultural contexts of the work? Refer to your responses in the “Art Work Information” section above.  Describe the primary purpose of the art work.  Describe the main artistic statement.  Describe how the work reflects the human condition, or how it communicates as a “human, creative expression.”  Use, cite, and incorporate at least one quality research source beyond the textbook in this section also. The 911 sculpture was created by Sokari Douglas Camp Globally famous artist, Sokari Douglas Camp, makes her works principally in steel. Her regularly enormous scope models make incessant reference to her Nigerian roots, simultaneously incorporating contemporary global issues. This specific sculpture was created in 2001 shortly after the terrible terrorist attack taken place in America. The primary purpose of the artwork is to show the true terror taken place on this day; the firemen positioned representing airplanes as his arms also representing Christ on the cross praying for deliverance on this terrible day. The dust and debree on the fire man showing the flames from the planes impacting those in the budling and those around, including the firemen who risk and lost their lives that day. Sokari Douglas Camp originally from Nigeria but Her sculptures are held in other museum collections in   Europe, Britain and Japan and private collections throughout the world. is known for creating artwork on issues going internationally in the world, using old scarps and metal and steel for all her artwork. Through this human creative expression the artist wanted to challenge us to see the world as she does. 5

Visual Art Vocabulary and Principles TERM DEFINITION Abstract To simplify, rearrange or distort an image; a non- representational (non-realist) form of art. Abstract Art Art that takes from reality only what the artist wants or that renders a visual depiction of concepts in the artist’s mind (phenomenal). Such art typically does not resemble the familiar world of regular (veridical) perception. Adjective Words used to describe or modify nouns or pronouns. For example, red, quick, happy, and obnoxious are adjectives because they can describe things—a red hat, the quick rabbit, a happy duck, an obnoxious person. Aesthetics The study of the nature of beauty and art (including the study of human “response” to the “aesthetic experience”). It is a significant branch of philosophy. The word “Aesthetics” is derived from the Greek word meaning “sense perception”. Aesthetic Experience Having an experience in the arts (broadly) such as viewing art, stage productions (like theater, dance, etc.), or viewing and listening to music (like concerts, opera, singing, etc.), or reading literature and philosophy, that we value intrinsically. Also see key terms at the end of Chapter 1, page 15 Background The part of a pictorial representation that appears to be in the distance. The general scene or surface against which designs, patterns or figures are viewed. Balance A principle of art that is concerned with the sense of stability of the visual elements. There are three types of balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical and radial. Catharsis A healthy release of pent up emotion. This can occur as a result of an aesthetic experience. Chiaroscuro Italian term in painting utilizing light and dark contrast to create the effect of modeling a figure or object. It enhances the effect of depth. Classicism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Collage See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Content The message or subject the work communicates. The content can relate to the subject matter or be an idea or emotion. Theme is another word used for content in humanities. Context In humanities, the environment, background, or special circumstances in terms of which a given work is best understood. Social, historical, and cultural context is the identification of political/social arrangements, philosophical ideas, values, styles, and cultural identity of a particular time period in which a selected work is influenced by or may be attempting to express. Also see key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Contrast A principle of art that uses the differences between the visual elements to create variety, emphasis or interest. Contrast in value is the difference between light and dark. Cool Colors Colors such as purples, blues and greens that produce the impression of coolness. Cubism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Discipline (1) in the humanities, a given art form (such as literature, visual art, music, theater, musical stage, and others) that attempts to create and express the human condition; (2) in academia, a given department or area of study (like science, history, philosophy, and others). Eastern Humanities Creative expressions in one of the disciplines of humanities exhibited in the social, historical, and cultural contexts of one of (broadly) Asia, Africa, Middle East, Indigenous Peoples of all continents (except Europe), and Oceania. Narrowly: China, India, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Pacific Islands, Native America, Aborigines, and Mesoamerica. See also Non-Western Humanities. Focal area A principle of art that stresses one element of art; defines a center of interest or draws attention to certain areas with a work of art. Foreground The part of a scene or picture that is nearest to and in front of the viewer. Form The visual element that is three-dimensional; having height, width and depth. Fresco See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Genre (broadly in the humanities) a distinct category within a discipline (e.g. categories in film, literature, art, music, musical stage, etc.). EXAMPLE: Poetry is a genre of Literature. Also see key terms at the end of Chapter 4, page 99 Genre subject In art, a scene or a person from everyday life, depicted realistically and without religious or symbolic significance. Golden Section See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Gothic See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 7

TERM DEFINITION Human Condition Encompasses the uniqueness and totality of the inner experience of “being human”. It is often focused on the ultimate concerns of human existence. Various disciplines in the humanities attempt to express this experience. Imitation See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Impressionism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Intensity The degree of purity of a color. Deep colors have a high intensity. Installation art An art that creates an architectural tableau using objects drawn from and making reference to artistic sources and everyday life. Likeness the reproduction in several humanities disciplines that is a conscious attempt to imitate reality in its expression. See “Realism” and key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Line A visual element that is the path of moving points through space; it has the properties of direction, width and length. Masterpiece A work that in style, form, and execution far exceeds other works of its time. It is a human creation (e.g. painting, novel, film, musical score) that continues to be relevant and/or admired by multiple generations. It is a work that has a profound effect on humanity. Media or Medium the particular materials in which a given artist works. Also see key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Modernism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Movement A principle of art used to guide a viewer’s eye throughout the work; a trend. Negative space Spaces surrounding shapes or forms in two- and three-dimensional art. Non-Western Humanities Creative expressions in one of the disciplines of humanities exhibited in the social, historical, and cultural contexts of one of (broadly) Asia, Africa, Middle East, Indigenous Peoples of all continents (except Europe), and Oceania. Narrowly: China, India, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Pacific Islands, Native America, Aborigines, and Mesoamerica. See also Eastern Humanities. Pattern Repetition of elements or motif. Perspective A formula for projecting the illusion of three- dimensional space onto a two-dimensional surface. Phenomenological Perception A perception that exists in your mind as a result of (1) mind internally produced, mind internal causation (like hearing your favorite song while no music is playing), or (2) the mental image (in your mind) that is produced as a result of a veridical perception as it is happening (like seeing color while viewing a painting). Pop Art See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Positive space Shapes or forms in two-dimensional and three- dimensional art. Post Impressionism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Post Modernism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Proportion A principle of art concerned with the relationships in size, one part to another or to the whole. Psychological Realism Artist’s attempt to convey the inner life of the figure, subject, or protagonist. Also see key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Realism (1) A style that focuses on the everyday lives of the middle and lower classes, portraying their world in a serious, accurate, and unsentimental way; (2) a genre in several humanities disciplines that is a conscious attempt to imitate reality in its expression (see “Likeness” also). Renaissance See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Repetition An art element repeated over and over that can produce visual rhythm. Saturation The strength of a hue - a vivid hue is of high saturation. Scale When proportional relationships are created relative to a specific unit of measurement. Shape The visual element that has two-dimensions: height and width; a space with a defined or implied boundary. Two basic groups: geometric and organic. Super-Realism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Surrealism See key terms at the end of Chapter 5 (Art), page 150 Symbol A visual image that represents something other than itself. Symmetry The balance of like forms and colors on opposite sides of the vertical axis of a composition. 8