PADM 504 Lesson 10 Practical Exercise Categorical Outcomes
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Lesson 10 Practical Exercise: Categorical Outcomes
John doe
School of Public Affairs: Pennsylvania State University
PADM 504, Section 001: Data Analysis for Policy and Administration
Professor Lauren Azevedo
November 1, 2022
Purpose
The purpose of this test is to test whether neuroticism, extroversion, and sex predict the
likelihood that a student would participate in your study. Based on my findings,
I will be able to
determine what types of students should be recruited for the study.
Method
The data for Lesson 10 Practical Exercise: Categorical Outcomes comes from the Cowles.csv
dataset provided in the lesson assignment. The variables that will be used will be
Volunteer
: 0 for
would not volunteer, 1 for would volunteer for the study which is the dependent variable, and the
other variables will be
Neuroticism
: Eysenck’s Personality Inventory measure of neuroticism. It
ranges from 0 (stable) to 24 (neurotic).,
Extroversion
: Eysenck’s Personality Inventory measure
of extroversion. It ranges from 0 (introverted) to 24 (extroverted)., and Sex: Female: 0 for male,
1 for female. The Cowles.csv dataset will be put into JASP and a Logistic Regression will be
conducted with (volunteer) being the dependent variable and Neuroticism and Sex being the
Covariates. A Logistic Regression will also be conducted for Extroversion as well using the same
steps as was done for Neuroticism. Conducting these tests will determine whether a neuroticism
or extroversion student should be recruited for the study.
Results
As you can see in figure one for Logistic Regression for Neuroticism it is indicated that the P
value for the volunteer was 0.001 and is Less than 0.05 this means that there is a relationship
with the variables that are being tested. The P Value for neuroticism is 0.954 and is greater than
0.05 meaning that there is no relationship between the variables being tested. The P value for Sex
is 0.024 and is less than 0.05 meaning that there is a relationship between the variables being
tested. As for the standard error and odds ratios as you can see in figure one the intercept
standard error is 0.143 and the odds ratio is 0.627 meaning that it is greater than the standard
Figure 1 Logistic Regression Neuroticism
Results cont.
error and means that there is a positive relationship. The standard error for neuroticism is 0.011
and the odds ratio is 1.001 meaning that there is a strong relationship between neuroticism and
volunteer. The standard error for sex is 0.110 and the odds ratio is 1.282 meaning that there is a
strong relationship between sex and volunteer.
As you can see in figure two for Logistic Regression for Extroversion it is indicated that the P
value for the volunteer was 0.001 and is Less than 0.05 this means that there is a relationship
with the variables that are being tested. The P Value for Extroversion is 0.001 and less than 0.05
meaning that there is a relationship between the variables being tested. The P value for Sex is
0.024 and is less than 0.05 meaning that there is a relationship between the variables being
tested. As for the standard error and odds ratios as you can see in figure two the intercept
standard error is 0.196 and the odds ratio is 0.280 meaning that it is greater than the standard
error and means that there is a positive relationship. The standard error for Extroversion is 0.014
and the odds ratio is 1.068 meaning that there is a strong relationship between Extroversion and
volunteer. The standard error for sex is 0.109 and the odds ratio is 1.280 meaning that there is a
strong relationship between sex and volunteer.
Discussion and Policy Implications/Recommendations
Based on my finding and results from the logistic regression tests done. My recommendation for
the best student that should be recruited for the study would be females that are Extroversion.
This is because females that are Extroversion are more likely to volunteer for the study based on
the findings from the logistic regression tests. Thus, resulting in more accurate data due to their
likelihood of volunteer participation in the study.
Figure 2 Logistic Regression for Extroversion
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