ANT 101 Recitation - Review week 8

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University of Kentucky *

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101

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Anthropology

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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Uploaded by LieutenantValorParrot38

ANT 101: What Makes Us Human? An Introduction to Anthropology Fall 2023 Recitation/Discussion Section Notes/Worksheet For Week 8 (10/13) Recitation: Week 7 Lecture Quiz Review Archaeology has gone through a number of stages in its development up to the present. From the earliest to most recent, these include: ● Archaeology has always been scientific and processual in its approach. ● Speculation, historical or cultural particularism, processual and post-processual. ● Post-processual, processual, historical or cultural particularism, and speculation. ● Scientific to speculative stages. Who is credited with conducting the first scientific excavation in the United States and where did this occur? ● Thomas Jefferson in Virginia. ● Charles Darwin in England. ● Flinders Petrie in Pompeii. ● George Washington in Virginia. Uniformitarianism can be defined as: ● A religious complex that has spread over a large territory. ● The first phase in the history of archaeology. ● Geologically ancient conditions were the same as those occurring today. ● A horizontal grid unit system placed over a site for excavations. What is seriation as used in archaeology? ● Radiocarbon dating of artifacts to determine their absolute dates in time. ● Arrangement of similar artifact assemblages in a succession or serial order which is then taken to indicate their ordering in time. ● The use of radiocarbon dating to obtain absolute dates for strata and artifacts. ● The position of geological strata to determine their relative time period of occurrence. Week 8 Lecture Quiz Review The study of ecofacts (botanical and faunal remains) is important in understanding past lifeways and should be an integral part of all archaeological excavation designs . ● True ● False

Taphonomy examines the natural decay of human and animal bodies plus how animals (rodents and carnivores) modify carcasses different from the human patterns of modifications. ● True ● False Features are objects used, modified, or made by people, I.e. lithics, ceramics and metal objects. ● True ● False In an archaeological excavation, what two things does provenience include? ● The horizontal spatial location of artifacts and their stratigraphic locations. ● The unsystematic collection of artifacts from the ground surface of an area. ● A theory about the origins of our species. ● The law of superposition What is a basic goal for conducting regional settlement patterns studies? ● To excavate a particular site to identify past lifeways. ● To develop a seriation of ceramic types found at a single cemetery in the region. ● To identify archaeological sites from different time periods within a given region. ● To identify the diets of the inhabitants at archaeological sites in a region. Week 7 Recitation Quiz Review Why is Historic Archaeology important? ● It tells about time periods before there were written records. ● It informs us of the recent past and of changes that occur to native peoples and immigrants and of the effects of industrialization. ● Historic archaeology studies the whole length of time that humans lived in North America. ● It is not important; history and archaeology cannot give us any important information on lifeways. What time periods are covered in the film on "Historic Archaeology in Kentucky"? ● Frontier Period (1770-1820’s), Antebellum Period (1820-1860’s), Civil War Period (1861-1865), and Industrialization Period (1860-1910). ● Paleoindian Period (10,000 to 3,000 BP), Woodland Period (3000 to 1000 BP), Pre-Contact Period (1000 - 300 BP). ● Lithic Period, Bronze Age, and Iron Age. ● The film covers the time periods before Europeans emigrated to North America.

What are some of the backgrounds, jobs, and possible reasons for coming to North America and the United States for the people discussed in the film? ● Enslaved Africans, as a source of labor. ● All of the answers given. ● German, farms, to find land and work. ● Europeans, laborers, to find work. What are their lifeways like (what archaeological evidence tells us how they lived)? ● They all lived a frontier lifeways in forts built of logs. ● Different lifeways shown through structures, features, artifacts and ecofacts. ● They all lived industrial lifestyles illustrated by machinery left in the archaeological record. ● The film covered slaves for all time periods as illustrated by structures and metal artifacts like chains. Week 8 Recitation Quiz Review Great apes have communication systems but apparently do not have the abilities to use what? (pick the linguistic term). ● Tools ● Fire ● Larynx ● Syntax What are proto-languages? ● A group of languages derived from a proto-language. ● A reconstructed language. ● The original meaning of a word and the original language which it came from. ● The arrangement of words into sentences. What promoted population growth in certain areas of the world which led to migrations and the spread of proto-languages? ● The origins of food production. ● The use of firearms during warfare. ● The continued use of wild plants and animals for food. ● The development of a religious belief in one God. What type of evidence can be used to trace population migrations and determine the linguistic foundations of different language families? ● Biological and genetic evidence. ● Historic or comparative linguistic evidence. ● Archaeological evidence. ● All of the answers given.

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ANT 101 Recitation - Review week 8

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