Anth 110 Lesson #10 Quiz #5 - Allen Japa.docx (1)

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Anthropology 110 Lesson #10. Quiz #5 Posted: Friday, February 16 th . Due Monday, February 19 th . 1._F__At about the same time that Mendel was working out his laws of inheritance, a biochemist by the name of Miescher had discovered a substance, which he called “nuclein” that many years later turned out to be DNA. False page 91, it was 3 years after Menel worked out his laws of inheritance 2._T__Geneticists at Rockefeller University began the search for DNA beginning their studies on viruses. They became known as the “Phage Group,” shorthand for bacteriophage, or bacteria that literally eats viruses. True, page 92. 3._F__ One of the most important discoveries that paved the way to the discovery of the structure of DNA was an x-ray photo of the molecule taken in 1952 by Francis Crick False page 92, it was taken by Rosalind Franklin 4._T__The central dogma of molecular biology describes the relationship between DNA, RNA, and proteins. True, page 93. 5._F__Work by Francis Crick and coworkers showed that the genetic code was based on non-overlapping triplets of bases called amino acids. False page 93, they were called codons not amino acids. 6._F__ DNA is composed of two sugar-phosphate strands linked together by hydrogen bonds. These bonds hold together the nucleic bases A-G and C-T. False page 95, they hold the bases A-T and C-G 7._T__There are about 3.2 billion nucleotide pairs on all 46 of the human chromosomes. True, page 97 8._F__ A codon consists of three base positions in a row. At any one of those positions one of the 4 nucleic acids (the bases) can be inserted. Consequently, we have a potential of 3 to the 4 th power or 81 different codon combinations. False page 99, it is 4 to the 3rd power of 64

9._F__From Figure 5-5, the codon sequence UUU codes for the amino acid Lysine. False page 97, the codon sequence is AAA or AAG 10._F__Proteins are polypeptides that catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions. False page 98, enzymes are polypeptides that speed up chemical reactions 11. _T__A mutation in the codon GUG to GUC would be an example of a neutral mutation True, page 99 12._F__ Transfer-RNA is RNA that is found on the surface of the ribosome where specific amino acids then bond to form ribosomal RNA. False page 100, Transfer-RNA floats freely in the cell cytoplasm. 13._F__Exons are segments of the DNA that are found between the coding sequences called genes. False page 102, exons are parts of the gene that code for the amino acid sequence. 14._F__ In many species only a small fraction of the total sequence of the genome encodes polypeptides. Only about 10.5% of the human genome consists of polypeptide-coding exons. False page 102, the textbook says 1.5% not 10.5% 15._T__The telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences found at the center point of each chromosome. True, page 103 16._T__Proteins called histones function in the compaction and protection of the chromosome structure True, page 104 17._T__ Although most of the damage to DNA and the genetic code that are caused by different mutagens is repaired, damage that is not repaired accumulates with age and may be an important underlying cause of the aging process. True, page 106 18._T__A frameshift mutation is a mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides in a DNA sequence. Deletions or insertions that occur in the first position of a codon result in fewer alterations to the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide as compared to position 2 or 3. True, page 108

19._F__Epigenetics is the study of non-genetic inheritance. One of the causes of non-genetic inheritance involves DNA methylation which is the addition or removal of a methyl group to DNA. This phenomenon often plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. False page 111, epigenetics is the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code. 20._F__ The presence of lactase mutations is one example that favors the argument that genetic change follows changes in cultural behavior. False page 113, this is an example of culture driven gene evolution

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Anth 110 Lesson #10 Quiz #5 - Allen Japa.docx (1)

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