Sample Questions Test3_ch9

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Anthropology

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Feb 20, 2024

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1. Which is not a benefit of group living a) Group acquisition of food b) Shelter c) Social thermoregulation d) Less predators 2. In the experiment about predation risk affecting shoaling behavior what was the hypothesis a) Fish should prefer to associate with larger rather than smaller groups b) Fish should prefer to associate with smaller rather than larger groups c) Sociality reduces predation risk via the dilution effect d) Sociality does not affect predation risk via the dilution effect 3. In the Following graph the results show that a) Females with calves and without calves tend to spend more time feeding in wolf areas than they do in non-wolf areas b) Females with calves spend more time feeding in wolf areas than they do in non-wolf areas c) Females with calves and without calves tend to spend less time feeding in wolf areas than they do in non-wolf areas d) Females without calves tend to spend less time feeding in non-wolf areas than they do in wolf areas 4. Hypothesis for animals carry food to safety for consumption (Lima, Valone, & Caraco 1985) a) Food-carrying behaviour represents a trade-off between feeding in safety and obtaining high energy intake rates b) Large items should be carried to safety more often than small items c) As distance to safety increases, carrying behaviour should decline d) The proportion of items carried increased with food size and decreased with distance to cover

5. What is Nocturnal or Crepuscular Activity a) Some species are primarily active during the night (nocturnal) or during twilight (crepuscular) to avoid all predators. b) Some species are primarily active during the night (nocturnal) or during twilight (crepuscular) to avoid predators. c) Some species are primarily active during the night (nocturnal) or during twilight (crepuscular) to avoid diurnal predators. d) None of these 6. Which of the following is not a behavior animals modify to reduce predation risk a) Vigilance b) Nocturnal and Crepuscular Activity c) Escape behavior d) Mimicry 7. The Result of the following graph was a) The proportion of items carried decreased with food size and increased with distance to cover b) The proportion of items carried increased with food size and increased with distance to cover c) The proportion of items carried decreased with food size and decreased with distance to cover d) The proportion of items carried increased with food size and decreased with distance to cover 8. How grouping may not benefit individuals in its anti-predator benefit a) Dilute risk of attack b) Better food capture c) Communal defense d) Improved vigilance 9. What was the result of killifish experiement a) Killifish prefer to associate with other fish when predation risk is high, as predicted by the dilution effect b) Killifish does not prefer to associate with other fish when predation risk is high, as predicted by the dilution effect c) Killifish does not prefer to associate with other fish when predation risk is low, as predicted by the dilution effect d) Killifish prefer to associate with other fish when predation risk is low, as predicted by the dilution effect

10. Which of the following statement is not correct with the vigilance and predation risk experiement with elk a) Male feeding time was not affected by wolves, except in one year b) Males' vigilance level (bottom) does not differ in wolf and non-wolf areas c) Males spend more time feeding than vigilance in wolf areas d) All are correct 11. In the following graph it showed that a) small crabs preferred the shell-hash regardless of treatment b) Large crabs preferred shell-hash regardless of treatment c) small crabs preferred the shell-hash when predator risk was high d) None of these 12. Evasive action is taken 1. When detected by a predator 2. When prey sees the predator 3. When an alarm call from cospecies is heard 4. While foraging 13. Which of the following is not an evasive action a) Deception b) Freezing c) Defensive weaponry d) Running away from the group 14. In the experiment for Vigilance and predation risk in elk the prediction was a) Animals will trade off feeding time for vigilance based on the level of risk b) Vigilance will be higher and feeding time will be lower when predation risk is high c) Vigilance will be same and feeding time will be lower when predation risk is high d) Animals will trade off feeding time for vigilance irrespective of risk 15. In the following graph it shows that a) As group size increases the capture rate increases b) As group size increases the capture does not change c) Once an optimal group size is reached, the capture rate does not change d) None of them

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16. As per the following graph a) ESS vigilance per individual increases with group size b) ESS vigilance per individual decreases with group size c) ESS vigilance per individual remains same with group size d) None of them 17. What was the hypothesis about Tail flagging in deer experiment a) Tail flagging deters predator pursuit b) Tail flagging should occur more often as the distance between the predator and the deer increases c) Solitary deer should exhibit less tail flagging than deer in social groups d) Solitary deer should exhibit more tail flagging than deer in social groups 18. What was the result of Tail flagging in deer experiment a) There was no difference in tail flagging between solitary and social deer. b) Only social group deers tail flagged c) Only Solitary deer tail flagged d) None of these 19. In the red eyed tree frog experiment, the decision to stay put or hatch early is often based on 20. What is optimal Group size a) When benefits and costs are same b) When cost is more than benefit c) When benefits are more than the costs d) None of these 21. What was the result of Juvenile Crab cryptic coloration experiment a) Crabs always moved to shell hash substrate when available b) More of crabs on shell-hash tiles survived c) Crabs selected uniform color platform rarely

d) None of these 22. What was the hypothesis about Juvenile Crab cryptic coloration experiment a) Juvenile body colouration is cryptic on shell-hash substrate and reduces predation risk b) The body colouration of juvenile crabs is cryptic on a heterogeneous shell-hash substrate c) Juveniles on shell-hash will have higher survival d) Juveniles on uniform color surface will have lower survival 23. Which of the following statement is correct a) Individuals that are less vigilant due to alarm calls depart more quickly to safety than non- vigilant individuals b) Individuals that are more vigilant due to alarm calls depart more quickly to safety than non- vigilant individuals c) Individuals that are more vigilant due to alarm calls depart more quickly to safety than non- vigilant individuals d) Individuals that are non-vigilant due to alarm calls depart more quickly to safety than vigilant individuals 24. In the coalition of lions which is not correct a) The wings tended to stalk the prey b) The ones at the centre were typically the largest and heaviest c) The wings tended to kill the prey d) The ones at the centre made the final kill as the prey

Sample Questions Test3_ch9

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