Head and Neck Lab

Head & Neck Lab Identify the motions that occur at the Head and Neck: Palpate the following body landmarks (Clarkson, Chapter 9, pg 400-407) : Suprasternal (Jugular) Notch Thyroid Cartilage Hyoid Bone Angle of the Mandible Angle of the Mouth Nasolabial Fold Temporomandibular Joint Mastoid Process Acromion Process Spine of the Scapula Spinous Process (C7) Spinous Process (T1) Lobule of Ear Sternum Temporal Pulse Carotid Pulse

Goniometry: Joint Motion Normal Range Neck flexion 0-45 Neck extension 0-45 Neck lateral flexion 0-45 Neck rotation 0-60 Axis Stationary Arm Moveable Arm Body Position Over the Perpendicular to the Lies parallel to the Start: Sitting looking straight ahead. lobule of the floor. base of the nares. End position: Neck flexion (try to ear. touch chest with chin) Over the Perpendicular to the Lies parallel to the Start: Sitting looking straight ahead. lobule of the floor. base of the nares. End position: Neck Extension (look up ear. straight to the ceiling) Over C7 Along the spine and Points toward the Start: Sitting looking straight ahead. spinous perpendicular to the midpoint of the End position: Neck lateral flexion (try process. floor. head. to touch shoulder with ear) Over midpoint Parallel to a line Aligned with the Start: Sitting looking straight ahead. of head. joining the two nose. End position: Neck rotation (look to acromion processes. the side) (Clarkson, Chapter 9, pg 419, 421, 423) Manual Muscle Testing: Manual Muscle Test Prime Movers Innervation AG Body Position GE Body Position 1. Rectus capitis anterior 1. C12 Start: Supine. Arms over Side-lying 2. Longus capitis 2. C123 the head resting on the 3. Longus colli 3. C23456 splinth. Elbows are flexed. 4. Scalenus anterior 4. C456 Stabilization: Trunk 5. Sternomastoid 5. CNXI, C234 Movement: Head and neck Neck flexion flexion (keep chin tucked in and depressed) Palpation: Sternomastoid Resistance Location: Forehead Resistance Direction: Head and neck extension.

Identify at least 5 occupational tasks that involve the head and neck. (Clarkson, Chapter 9, pg 483-490) Occupational task Head/Neck Head/Neck Anatomical Structures motion(s) Washing your face Flexion Longus colli Longus capitis Rectus capitis anterior Rectus capitis lateralis Scalenus anterior, middle, posterior Sternocleidomastoid Driving (backing up or Neck rotation Rectus capitis posterior major making a turn) Rectus capitis posterior minor Obliquus capitis inferior Obliquus capitis superior Sternocleidomastoid Scalenus anterior, middle and posterior Trapezius (superior fibers) Semispinalis cervicis Splenius capitis Splenius cervicis Iliocostalis cervicis Longissimus capitis Longissimus cervicis Putting in ear drops Lateral flexion Scalenus anterior, middle, posterior Splenius capitis Splenius cervicis Semispinalis capitis Longissimus capitis Longissimus cervicis Obliquus capitis superior Obliquus capitis inferior Rectus capitis lateralis Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius (superior fibers) Buttoning a shirt Flexion Longus colli Longus capitis Rectus capitis anterior Rectus capitis lateralis Scalenus anterior (anterior scalene) Sternocleidomastoid Gazing up at the stars Extension Splenius capitis Splenius cervicis Semispinalis capitis Semispinalis cervicis

Number Type Function Test I – 1 Sensory Smell Have client close eyes then offer them something familiar to smell Acuity- Snellen charts II–2 Sensory Vision Color-ishiara plates Visual Fields- four quadrants- ask patient to look at you Reflexes-pupillary constrictions Fundoscopy- on both eyes Move finger up, down, left, right III–3 Motor Muscles of Eyes Move finger towards nose Client should follow with eyes only Move finger up, down, left, right IV–4 Motor Muscles of Eyes Move finger towards nose Client should follow with eyes only V – 5 Sensory Sensory – Face area Sensory – Soft touches on forehead, Motor Motor – Chewing muscles cheek & jaw Motor – Bite down, feel temporalis and masseter. Open mouth with resistance. Move finger up, down, left, right VI–6 Motor Muscles of Eyes Move finger towards nose Client should follow with eyes only VII–7 Sensory Sensory – Tongue Muscles Have client raise eyebrows, puff Motor Motor – Muscles of Facial cheeks, smile Expression Rinne test- put tuning fork on VIII – 8 Sensory Hearing mastoid process. Then turn fork Equilibrium Sensation around and put it next to their ear

and ask which is louder. Glossopharyngeal IX–9 Sensory Sensory – Taste, pharynx, middle Gag reflex, touching arches of Motor ear pharynx Motor – Muscles of pharynx Vagus X–10 Sensory Heart, Lungs, GI tract Ask client to open mouth, observe Motor uvula before & after patient says “ahhh”. Look for uvula deviation. Accessory XI–11 Motor Sternocleidomastoid Have client shrug shoulders & turn Trapezius head against resistance Hypoglossal XII - 12 Motor Muscles of Tongue Have client stick tongue out. Look for tongue deviation. (Clarkson, Chapter 9, pp 425-444) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtJtYMRVw7A