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Allow me to add some details about the topic this week. While utilizing differential analysis, Weiss (1996)
mentions that a decision-making approach examines the relevant costs associated with each option and
compares the results. The option selected typically has the most favorable financial impact. This method
includes those costs that will change if the one alternative over another. Fixed or other costs are constant
for the two options and will not differentiate as sunk costs are past expenditures already incurred and
cannot be recovered.
It's essential to consider all the potential solutions and opportunities to determine the most cost-effective
methods. Analyzing all options, costs, and revenue allows organizations to make the necessary profitable
moves and not make imprudent decisions.
In theory, in managerial accounting, relevant cost is the incremental and avoidable cost of implementing a
decision. These costs are a refined business decision. The key to relevant costing is filtering the
necessary data elements for a business decision Hardie (1995).
According to Hardie, 1995, the below illustrates types of relevant and non-relevant costs.
Types of Relevant Costs
Types of Non-Relevant Costs
Future Cash Flows
A relevant cost is a cash expense that will be incurred
in the future due to a decision.
Sunk Cost
Sunk cost is an expenditure that has already been
incurred in the past. Sunk cost is irrelevant because it
does not affect the future cash flows of a business.
Avoidable Costs
Only those costs are relevant to a decision that can
be avoided if the decision is not implemented.
Committed Costs
Future costs that cannot be avoided are irrelevant
because they will be incurred irrespective of the
business decision being considered.
Opportunity Costs
A relevant cost is a cash inflow that will be sacrificed
due to a particular management decision.
Non-Cash Expenses
Non-cash expenses such as depreciation are irrelevant
because they do not affect the cash flows of a
business.
Incremental Cost
Where different alternatives are being considered,
relevant cost is the incremental or differential cost
between the various alternatives being considered.
General Overheads
General and administrative overheads not affected by
the decisions under consideration should be ignored.
Hardie, R. (1995). All relevant costs and consequences should be measured. BMJ : British Medical
Journal, 310(6971), 61.
https://0634a7aix-mp01-y-https-doi-org.prx-
keiser.lirn.net/10.1136/bmj.310.6971.61c
Weiss, A. A. (1996). ESTIMATING TIME SERIES MODELS USING THE RELEVANT COST FUNCTION:
SUMMARY. Journal of Applied Econometrics (1986-1998), 11(5), 539.
https://0634a7aix-mp01-y-https-
www-proquest-com.prx-keiser.lirn.net/scholarly-journals/estimating-time-series-models-using-relevant-
cost/docview/199281565/se-2
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