ACC 640 1-2 Memo
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1-2 Memo
Sharon Lipham
Southern New Hampshire University
ACC 640 Auditing
Prof. Patrenia McAbee
May 19, 2024
To: Sally Stone, Director
From: Sharon Lipham, Audit Manager
Date: May 19, 2024
Subject: Sizing Up Prospective Clients
Auditors collect information on potential clients from a variety of sources to assess their suitability for auditing. Reviewing financials and prior years’ audited statements provides insight into the client’s financial health, accounting practices, and auditability. The audit approach can be tailored by understanding the client’s industry standards, risks, and regulations. Industry associations often publish reports and resources on best practices and usual challenges within the
sector. It is also important to verify basic company information and ownership structures. Check for any outstanding lawsuits or legal issues that could change the audit. If the auditing firm has experience with similar clients, their internal resources can be valuable. An auditor's understanding of the specific industry and relevant regulations is crucial. Preliminary discussions
with client management can reveal their expectations and commitment to the audit process. Checking references from past clients can provide insights into the client's work style and past audit experiences. By using this combination of information, auditors can make informed decisions about taking on new clients and ensure a successful audit engagement (Deppe, n.d.).
Auditors should be knowledgeable about the prospective client in several key areas to decide whether to perform an audit. Analyzing financial statements helps assess the risk of potential misrepresentation and the complexity of the audit. Understanding the client's accounting policies and internal controls helps gauge the audit effort needed. Knowing the industry's best practices
and specific regulations helps show areas of potential risk for the client. Understanding common industry challenges allows the auditor to tailor the audit approach for relevant risk areas. Being aware of any outstanding lawsuits or legal problems can change the audit scope and timeline. Understanding the client's expectations for the audit scope and timeline helps ensure a smooth engagement. By gathering information on these aspects, the auditor can make an informed decision on whether they have the competence and independence to conduct a successful and ethical audit for the prospective client (Deppe, n.d.).
Auditors use a multi-pronged approach to gain a comprehensive understanding of a client's internal company environment. Open-ended discussions with key personnel like CEOs, CFOs, and internal control officers provide insights into the company culture, risk assessment process, and control environment. Auditors may interview personnel from various departments (sales, inventory, etc.) to understand specific control procedures and potential control weaknesses. Reviewing documented policies and procedures for handling cash, inventory, payroll, and other critical areas can reveal the design of internal controls. Understanding the company's structure, reporting lines, and segregation of duties helps assess control effectiveness. Analyzing trends in financial data can reveal unusual fluctuations or inconsistencies that might show control breakdowns. Finding abnormal ratios can point towards potential control weaknesses. Some companies use continuous audit software to check controls and transactions in real-time, providing valuable insights for auditors. By combining these techniques, auditors can build a strong understanding of the client's internal environment, assess the effectiveness of internal controls, and tailor their audit approach accordingly (RiskOptics, n.d.).
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As part of due diligence for a new client, auditors need to assess how external industry factors can affect the audit itself. Auditors should research current and emerging trends in the client's industry. A shift towards e-commerce in retail could affect inventory management and fraud risks. Understanding relevant regulations and compliance requirements helps show areas of potential audit focus and risk for the client. Industry publications and reports by professional associations often highlight usual challenges and best practices within the sector. This knowledge allows auditors to tailor the audit approach for industry-specific risks. Based on the industry risk assessment, auditors design specific audit procedures to address those risks. This could involve more testing of specific accounts or controls. Auditors need to stay updated on recent industry news, such as major lawsuits, economic downturns, or technological disruptions. These events can significantly affect the client's financial performance and audit considerations. Auditors can inquire about the client's specific strategies for dealing with industry challenges. By
following these steps, auditors can effectively assess the audit implications of external industry factors during due diligence. This initiative-taking approach helps design a more comprehensive audit plan that addresses the unique risks specific to the client's industry (Chen, 2024).
References
Chen, J. (2024, January 18). Due diligence
. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/duediligence.asp Deppe, L. A. (n.d.). Client acceptance: what to look for and why.
Client acceptance: What to look for and why. (tips for accountants on deciding which new clients to accept) (cover story). http://archives.cpajournal.com/old/12543349.htm RiskOptics. (n.d.). What are audit procedures for internal controls? - reciprocity
. https://reciprocity.com/resources/what-are-audit-procedures-for-internal-controls/
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