Table of Contents

1. Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

I. THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

2. The Chemical Context of Life

3. Water and Life

4. Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

5. The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

II. THE CELL

6. A Tour of the Cell

7. Membrane Structure and Function

8. An Introduction to Metabolism

9. Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

10. Photosynthesis

11. Cell Communication

12. The Cell Cycle

III. GENETICS

13. Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

14. Mendel and the Gene Idea

15. The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

16. The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

17. From Gene to Protein

18. Regulation of Gene Expression

19. Viruses

20. Biotechnology

21. Genomes and Their Evolution

IV. MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

22. Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

23. The Evolution of Populations

24. The Origin of Species

25. The History of Life on Earth

V. THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

26. Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

27. Bacteria and Archaea

28. Protists

29. Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

30. Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

31. Fungi

32. An Overview of Animal Diversity

33. An Introduction to Invertebrates

34. The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

VI. PLANT FORM AND FUNCTION

35. Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

36. Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

37. Soil and Plant Nutrition

38. Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

39. Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

VII. ANIMAL FORM AND FUNCTION

40. Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

41. Animal Nutrition

42. Circulation and Gas Exchange

43. The Immune System

44. Osmoregulation and Excretion

45. Hormones and the Endocrine System

46. Animal Reproduction

47. Animal Development

48. Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

49. Nervous Systems

50. Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

51. Animal Behavior

VIII. ECOLOGY

52. An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

53. Population Ecology

54. Community Ecology

55. Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

56. Conservation Biology and Global Change