Chapter S4, Problem 1EAP

To determine

The meaning of quantum realm and to point out the five major ideas coming from laws of quantum mechanics

Answer to Problem 1EAP

Solution:

Quantum realm is the length of the scales where angular momentum is not considered as a continuous quantity and its quantization must also be accounted for.

Five major ideas coming from laws of quantum mechanics are:

1. Atoms are made of quarks and leptons
2. Antimatter is real
3. Presence of the basic forces between the particles
4. Wave particle duality
5. Astronomical consequences.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Quantum mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the phenomenon at the nano scopic level and was introduced by De-Broglie. The scale under which the quantum mechanical effects are studied is known as quantum realm. There are many processes that are explained under this scale. For example, electron tunnelling, double slit experiment, molecular electronics, organic semiconductors etc originate from this scale and become prominent.

Quantum realm is the lengths of the scales where angular momentum is not considered as continuous quantity and its quantization must also be accounted for. These terms are used when we deal in microscopic level and we cannot ignore the tunnelling effect, wave- particle duality that has its significant effects i.e. quantum mechanical effects.

Five major ideas coming from laws of quantum mechanics are:

1. We all know that matter is something which is composed of small particles known as atoms. And in our nature we have the existence of two particles that are fermions and bosons. Fermions are two types of atoms i.e. leptons are quarks. Bosons are the particles which are associated with light which is made of photons.
2. For every particle there is also the existence of an antiparticle. These antiparticles are the constituents of the antimatter which can be easily prepared in a laboratory. Whenever a particle and the antiparticle meet, there is the production of a lot of energy.
3. There are four fundamental forces in nature i.e. the strong force, the weak force, gravitational force and the electromagnetic force which are seen when interaction between particles take place.
4. Wave particle duality, the wave and particle are not different from each other.
5. Though quantum realm is studied under small scale but its effects have astronomical significance. Some phenomenon’s like Pauli’s exclusion principle, tunnelling etc. have the impact on the life, structure and energy production in the star.

Conclusion:

Thus, quantum realm is the lengths of the scales where angular momentum is not considered as a continuous quantity and its quantization must also be accounted for.

Five major ideas coming from laws of quantum mechanics are:

1. Atoms are made of quarks and leptons
2. Antimatter is real
3. Presence of the basic forces between the particles
4. Wave particle duality
5. Astronomical consequences.