CALCULUS AND ITS APPLICATIONS BRIEF
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135998229
Author: BITTINGER
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter PSDT, Problem 14BP
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To Solve: Equation is
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Total marks 15
3.
(i)
Let FRN Rm be a mapping and x = RN is a given
point. Which of the following statements are true? Construct counterex-
amples for any that are false.
(a)
If F is continuous at x then F is differentiable at x.
(b)
If F is differentiable at x then F is continuous at x.
If F is differentiable at x then F has all 1st order partial
(c)
derivatives at x.
(d) If all 1st order partial derivatives of F exist and are con-
tinuous on RN then F is differentiable at x.
[5 Marks]
(ii) Let mappings
F= (F1, F2) R³ → R² and
G=(G1, G2) R² → R²
:
be defined by
F₁ (x1, x2, x3) = x1 + x²,
G1(1, 2) = 31,
F2(x1, x2, x3) = x² + x3,
G2(1, 2)=sin(1+ y2).
By using the chain rule, calculate the Jacobian matrix of the mapping
GoF R3 R²,
i.e., JGoF(x1, x2, x3). What is JGOF(0, 0, 0)?
(iii)
[7 Marks]
Give reasons why the mapping Go F is differentiable at
(0, 0, 0) R³ and determine the derivative matrix D(GF)(0, 0, 0).
[3 Marks]
5.
(i)
Let f R2 R be defined by
f(x1, x2) = x² - 4x1x2 + 2x3.
Find all local minima of f on R².
(ii)
[10 Marks]
Give an example of a function f: R2 R which is not bounded
above and has exactly one critical point, which is a minimum. Justify briefly
Total marks 15
your answer.
[5 Marks]
Total marks 15
4.
:
Let f R2 R be defined by
f(x1, x2) = 2x²- 8x1x2+4x+2.
Find all local minima of f on R².
[10 Marks]
(ii) Give an example of a function f R2 R which is neither
bounded below nor bounded above, and has no critical point. Justify
briefly your answer.
[5 Marks]
Chapter PSDT Solutions
CALCULUS AND ITS APPLICATIONS BRIEF
Ch. PSDT - Write an equivalent expression for each of the...Ch. PSDT - Write an equivalent expression for each of the...Ch. PSDT - Write an equivalent expression for each of the...Ch. PSDT - Write an equivalent expression for each of the...Ch. PSDT - Write an equivalent expression for each of the...Ch. PSDT - Write an equivalent expression for each of the...Ch. PSDT - Write an equivalent expression for each of the...Ch. PSDT - Prob. 8APCh. PSDT - Multiply. 9. x5x6Ch. PSDT - Multiply. 10. x2x9
Ch. PSDT - Multiply. 11. 2x35x44x10Ch. PSDT - Divide. 12. a2a2Ch. PSDT - Divide. 13. b3b5Ch. PSDT - Simplify. Express each answer without a negative...Ch. PSDT - Simplify. Express each answer without a negative...Ch. PSDT - Multiply. 16. 3x5Ch. PSDT - Multiply. 17. x5x+3Ch. PSDT - Prob. 18APCh. PSDT - Prob. 19APCh. PSDT - Prob. 20APCh. PSDT - Prob. 21APCh. PSDT - Prob. 22APCh. PSDT - Factor. 23. x25x14Ch. PSDT - Factor. 24. 6x2+7x5Ch. PSDT - Prob. 25APCh. PSDT - Prob. 26APCh. PSDT - Solve. 27. 3x(x2)(5x+4)=0Ch. PSDT - Solve. 28. 4x3=xCh. PSDT - Solve. 29. 2xx36x=18x23xCh. PSDT - Solve 30. 178x5x4Ch. PSDT - Prob. 31APCh. PSDT - Raggs, Ltd., a clothing firm, determines that its...Ch. PSDT - Prob. 1BPCh. PSDT - Prob. 2BPCh. PSDT - Graph. 3. y=x21Ch. PSDT - Prob. 4BPCh. PSDT - Prob. 5BPCh. PSDT - Prob. 6BPCh. PSDT - Graph the function f:...Ch. PSDT - Write interval notation for x4x5.Ch. PSDT - Find the domain of f:f(x)=32x5.Ch. PSDT - Find the slope and y-intercept of the graph of...Ch. PSDT - Prob. 11BPCh. PSDT - Find the slope of the line containing the points...Ch. PSDT - Prob. 13BPCh. PSDT - Prob. 14BPCh. PSDT - Prob. 15BPCh. PSDT - Graph. 16. g(x)=x3Ch. PSDT - Prob. 17BPCh. PSDT - Prob. 18BPCh. PSDT - Graph. 19. f(x)=xCh. PSDT - Suppose that $1000 is earning 5 interest,...
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- 4. Let F RNR be a mapping. (i) x ЄRN ? (ii) : What does it mean to say that F is differentiable at a point [1 Mark] In Theorem 5.4 in the Lecture Notes we proved that if F is differentiable at a point x E RN then F is continuous at x. Proof. Let (n) CRN be a sequence such that xn → x ЄERN as n → ∞. We want to show that F(xn) F(x), which means F is continuous at x. Denote hnxn - x, so that ||hn|| 0. Thus we find ||F(xn) − F(x)|| = ||F(x + hn) − F(x)|| * ||DF (x)hn + R(hn) || (**) ||DF(x)hn||+||R(hn)||| → 0, because the linear mapping DF(x) is continuous and for all large nЄ N, (***) ||R(hn) || ||R(hn) || ≤ → 0. ||hn|| (a) Explain in details why ||hn|| → 0. [3 Marks] (b) Explain the steps labelled (*), (**), (***). [6 Marks]arrow_forward4. In Theorem 5.4 in the Lecture Notes we proved that if F: RN → Rm is differentiable at x = RN then F is continuous at x. Proof. Let (xn) CRN be a sequence such that x → x Є RN as n → ∞. We want F(x), which means F is continuous at x. to show that F(xn) Denote hn xnx, so that ||hn||| 0. Thus we find ||F (xn) − F(x) || (*) ||F(x + hn) − F(x)|| = ||DF(x)hn + R(hn)|| (**) ||DF(x)hn|| + ||R(hn) || → 0, because the linear mapping DF(x) is continuous and for all large n = N, |||R(hn) || ≤ (***) ||R(hn)|| ||hn|| → 0. Explain the steps labelled (*), (**), (***) [6 Marks] (ii) Give an example of a function F: RR such that F is contin- Total marks 10 uous at x=0 but F is not differentiable at at x = 0. [4 Marks]arrow_forward3. Let f R2 R be a function. (i) Explain in your own words the relationship between the existence of all partial derivatives of f and differentiability of f at a point x = R². (ii) Consider R2 → R defined by : [5 Marks] f(x1, x2) = |2x1x2|1/2 Show that af af -(0,0) = 0 and -(0, 0) = 0, Jx1 მx2 but f is not differentiable at (0,0). [10 Marks]arrow_forward
- (1) Write the following quadratic equation in terms of the vertex coordinates.arrow_forwardThe final answer is 8/π(sinx) + 8/3π(sin 3x)+ 8/5π(sin5x)....arrow_forwardKeity x२ 1. (i) Identify which of the following subsets of R2 are open and which are not. (a) A = (2,4) x (1, 2), (b) B = (2,4) x {1,2}, (c) C = (2,4) x R. Provide a sketch and a brief explanation to each of your answers. [6 Marks] (ii) Give an example of a bounded set in R2 which is not open. [2 Marks] (iii) Give an example of an open set in R2 which is not bounded. [2 Marksarrow_forward
- 2. (i) Which of the following statements are true? Construct coun- terexamples for those that are false. (a) sequence. Every bounded sequence (x(n)) nEN C RN has a convergent sub- (b) (c) (d) Every sequence (x(n)) nEN C RN has a convergent subsequence. Every convergent sequence (x(n)) nEN C RN is bounded. Every bounded sequence (x(n)) EN CRN converges. nЄN (e) If a sequence (xn)nEN C RN has a convergent subsequence, then (xn)nEN is convergent. [10 Marks] (ii) Give an example of a sequence (x(n))nEN CR2 which is located on the parabola x2 = x², contains infinitely many different points and converges to the limit x = (2,4). [5 Marks]arrow_forward2. (i) What does it mean to say that a sequence (x(n)) nEN CR2 converges to the limit x E R²? [1 Mark] (ii) Prove that if a set ECR2 is closed then every convergent sequence (x(n))nen in E has its limit in E, that is (x(n)) CE and x() x x = E. [5 Marks] (iii) which is located on the parabola x2 = = x x4, contains a subsequence that Give an example of an unbounded sequence (r(n)) nEN CR2 (2, 16) and such that x(i) converges to the limit x = (2, 16) and such that x(i) # x() for any i j. [4 Marksarrow_forward1. (i) which are not. Identify which of the following subsets of R2 are open and (a) A = (1, 3) x (1,2) (b) B = (1,3) x {1,2} (c) C = AUB (ii) Provide a sketch and a brief explanation to each of your answers. [6 Marks] Give an example of a bounded set in R2 which is not open. (iii) [2 Marks] Give an example of an open set in R2 which is not bounded. [2 Marks]arrow_forward
- 2. if limit. Recall that a sequence (x(n)) CR2 converges to the limit x = R² lim ||x(n)x|| = 0. 818 - (i) Prove that a convergent sequence (x(n)) has at most one [4 Marks] (ii) Give an example of a bounded sequence (x(n)) CR2 that has no limit and has accumulation points (1, 0) and (0, 1) [3 Marks] (iii) Give an example of a sequence (x(n))neN CR2 which is located on the hyperbola x2 1/x1, contains infinitely many different Total marks 10 points and converges to the limit x = (2, 1/2). [3 Marks]arrow_forward3. (i) Consider a mapping F: RN Rm. Explain in your own words the relationship between the existence of all partial derivatives of F and dif- ferentiability of F at a point x = RN. (ii) [3 Marks] Calculate the gradient of the following function f: R2 → R, f(x) = ||x||3, Total marks 10 where ||x|| = √√√x² + x/2. [7 Marks]arrow_forward1. (i) (ii) which are not. What does it mean to say that a set ECR2 is closed? [1 Mark] Identify which of the following subsets of R2 are closed and (a) A = [-1, 1] × (1, 3) (b) B = [-1, 1] x {1,3} (c) C = {(1/n², 1/n2) ER2 | n EN} Provide a sketch and a brief explanation to each of your answers. [6 Marks] (iii) Give an example of a closed set which does not have interior points. [3 Marks]arrow_forward
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