Chapter GUA, Problem 7E

Summary Introduction

1.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

The correct sentence would be: “Some privacy concerns have become less important in recent years; however, most people extremely vulnerable to privacy invasion.”

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“Some privacy concerns have become less important in recent years, however, most people extremely vulnerable to privacy invasion.”

The given sentence is a compound sentence. It is the one where the subject and predicate are more than one in number. The word ‘however’ is just not a conjunction but a ‘conjunctive adverb’ that joins clauses that are independent from each other. In this case it is important that the word ‘however’ should be preceded by a semi-colon and not a comma.

Summary Introduction

2.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

The correct answer would be: “The following agents received bonuses: Barnes $750, Shelley $800, and Jackson $950”.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“The following agents received bonuses Barnes, $750, Shelley, $800, and Jackson, $950”.

In the given sentence, the word ‘following’ tries to bring attention to the list that the sentence is about to state about the bonuses. Therefore, there needs to be a colon after the word ‘bonuses’. Also, the list that is stated is already separated by commas which make it clear that Barnes received a bonus of $750 and Shelley received one of $800 and so on. The usage of commas between the name and the amount will only make the sentence look complex and redundant in nature. Following this the given sentence is corrected.

Summary Introduction

3.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

The correct answer would be: “Employees were notified today of the plant closing; they received two weeks’ severance pay”.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“Employees were notified today of the plant closing they received two weeks’ severance pay”.

In the given sentence, there are two independent clauses. However, the clauses are very closely connected to each other. It is necessary to divide them with a semi-colon because there is no conjunction in between the clauses to join them. The connection is between the factors that they were given a severance pay because the employees were notified of the shutting down of the plant. Thus, the use of semi-colon in this sentence makes the connected sentence clearer.

Summary Introduction

4.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

The correct answer would be: “This paint does have some disadvantages, for example, a lengthy drying time”.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“This paint does have some disadvantages, for example, a lengthy drying time”.

In the given sentence, ‘for example’ is used in the middle of the sentence. This phrase in between the sentence actually highlights about the main idea of the sentence, which is to show the disadvantages of the paint. It is an introductory phrase that is used in the beginning as well as in the middle of a sentence. When used in the middle of a sentence, it is essential that it is preceded as well as followed by a comma.

Summary Introduction

5.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

The correct answer would be: “ Soon after the applications are received, a team of judges will evaluate them; but the award recipients will not be announced until January 15.”

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“Soon after the applications are received, a team of judges will evaluate them; but the award recipients will not be announced until January 15.”

In the given sentence, the two independent clauses are joined by a semi-colon and a conjunction in between. The semi-colon used in this sentence before ‘but’ is done in order to make it less redundant and to make the punctuation stand out of the other comma in the sentence before ‘a team’.

Summary Introduction

6.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

Correct.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“The program has one shortcoming: flexibility”.

In this sentence, there are no punctuation errors. The use of a colon just after the word ‘shortcoming’ bring the notice to the noun that is being stated after that, which is, ‘flexibility’. The use of colon helps in introducing the shortcoming that the program has.

Summary Introduction

7.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

The correct answer would be: “The new bakery will offer frozen yogurt, candles, and baked goods.”

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“The new bakery will offer: frozen yogurt, candles, and baked goods.”

In this sentence, the use of colon between the word ‘offer; and then the list of items is wrong. The rule of using a colon says that a colon must not be used between a verb and its objects. In this sentence, the word ‘offer’ is a verb and the rest of the items are its object. Hence, there will be no colon after the use of a verb in the sentence.

Summary Introduction

8.

To determine:

If the given sentence is correctly punctuated with comma, semi-colon and colon.

Introduction:

Punctuations are an essential part of writing a sentence correctly. It is added in sentence in order to add clarity to them.

A semi-colon looks like a dot on the top of a comma. It separates the sentences in order to give them clarity. It divides a list of items when commas already exist between them and joins two independent clauses.

A colon is usually followed by sentences which are independent in nature and have a meaning of their own. Also, it is used in order to bring attention to a list of ideas or introduces explanations, or quotations.

A comma is like a small interval and not a period. It is used to divide things in a series in a sentence, to separate adjectives in a sentence, to avoid run-on sentences, to separate sentences with a conjunction, etc.

Answer to Problem 7E

The correct answer would be: “We are enthusiastic about the plan because: (1) It is least expensive (2) Its legality is unquestioned and (3) It can be implemented quickly”.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

“We are enthusiastic about the plan because: (1) It is least expensive, (2) Its legality is unquestioned, and (3) It can be implemented quickly”.

In this sentence, the use of colon just after ‘because’ is used in order to introduce the list or the series of elements that are followed in the sentence. However, the use of comma in between the numbered statements is unnecessary. Commas and semi-colons are employed in order to divide clauses and to ad clarity to the sentence. In this sentence, it is already being done by the numbers. Hence, there is no need to use commas between the numbered series or even bulleted lists.