1.
Explain the method used to account the investment in D common stock and F bonds, and explain
1.

Explanation of Solution
Available-for-sale (AFS) securities: The category of passive investments which are held as idle funds to serve the future operating and strategic purposes, are referred to as available-for-sale securities. The percentage of passive investments in debt or equity will be less than 20%.
Fair value method: The method of accounting the investments in short-term debt, and short-term and long-term equity securities, with an ownership of less than 20% of the outstanding stock of the investee, is referred to as fair value method.
Method used to account investment in stock of Corporation D: Since the investor company, Company OG purchased 15% of investment in Corporation D, which is less than 20% of the outstanding stock of the investee, fair value method is appropriate to account equity investments.
Method used to account investment in bonds of Corporation F: Since the bonds are not intended to hold till maturity, they are considered as short-term, and hence, fair value method is used.
2a.
Journalize the purchase of investment in available-for-sale securities’ transaction.
2a.

Explanation of Solution
Debit and credit rules:
- Debit an increase in asset account, increase in expense account, decrease in liability account, and decrease in
stockholders’ equity accounts. - Credit decrease in asset account, increase in revenue account, increase in liability account, and increase in stockholders’ equity accounts.
Prepare journal entry for purchase of investment in AFS.
Date | Account Titles and Explanation | Post Ref. | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||
Investments | 556,750 | |||||
Cash | 556,750 | |||||
(To record the purchase of investments) |
Table (1)
Note: No purchases were made in 2021.
Description:
- Investments in AFS Securities is an asset account. Since stock investments are purchased, asset value increased, and an increase in asset is debited.
- Cash is an asset account. Since cash is paid, asset account decreased, and a decrease in asset is credited.
Working Notes:
Compute cost of investment in stock.
Compute cost of investment in AFS securities.
Note: Refer to Equation (1) for value and computation of cost of investment in stock.
b.
Journalize the entry for income reported by investee companies for the years 2016 and 2017
b.

Explanation of Solution
The income reported by Corporations D and F are not recorded by Company OG because the type of investment is passive, and not of significant influence. So, for the two years 2016 and 2017, Company OG will not record any entry for the net income of the investee.
c.
Journalize he entry for receipt of dividend and interest revenue for the years 2016 and 2017
c.

Explanation of Solution
Prepare journal entry for cash dividend received and interest received.
Date | Account Titles and Explanation | Post Ref. | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |||||
Cash | 35,125 | 37,975 | ||||||
Dividend revenue | 7,125 | 9,975 | ||||||
Interest revenue | 28,000 | 28,000 | ||||||
(To record the purchase of investments) |
Table (2)
Description:
- Cash is an asset account. Since cash is received, asset account increased, and an increase in asset is debited.
- Dividend Revenue is a revenue account. Since revenues increase equity, equity value is increased, and an increase in equity is credited.
- Interest Revenue is a revenue account. Since revenues increase equity, equity value is increased, and an increase in equity is credited.
Working Notes:
Compute amount of dividend received in 2020.
Compute amount of dividend received in 2021.
d.
Journalize the
d.

Explanation of Solution
Prepare journal entry for adjusting the cost of AFS securities to the fair market value, as on December 31, 2020, and 2021.
Date | Account Titles and Explanation | Post Ref. | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |||||
Unrealized loss/gain [stock] | 14,250 | 21,375 | ||||||
Unrealized loss/gain [bonds] | 25,000 | 10,000 | ||||||
Investments | 39,250 | 31,375 | ||||||
(To record the purchase of investments) |
Table (3)
Description:
2020:
- Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) is an adjustment account used to report gain or loss on adjusting cost of investment at fair market value. Since loss has occurred and losses decrease stockholders’ equity value, a decrease in stockholders’ equity value is debited. This loss is reported as component of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) on the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
- Investments in AFS Securities is an asset account. The account is credited because the market price was decreased, and eventually the asset value decreased.
2021:
- Investments in AFS Securities is an asset account. The account is debited because the market price was increased, and eventually the asset value increased.
- Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) is an adjustment account used to report gain or loss on adjusting cost of investment at fair market value. Since gain has occurred and gains increase stockholders’ equity value, an increase in stockholders’ equity value is credited. This gain is reported as component of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) on the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
Working Notes:
Compute the fair value of investment on December 31, 2020.
Compute total fair value of investment in AFS securities on December 31, 2020.
Note: Refer to Equation (2) for value and computation of fair value of investment in stock.
Compute unrealized gain or loss on investment in AFS securities.
Note: Refer to Equations (1) and (3) for both the values.
Compute the fair value of investment on December 31, 2021.
Compute total fair value of investment in AFS securities on December 31, 2017.
Note: Refer to Equation (2) for value and computation of fair value of investment in stock.
Compute unrealized gain or loss on investment in AFS securities.
Note: Refer to Equations (3) and (5) for both the values.
3a.
Compute the reporting of long-term assets related to AFS investments, on the
3a.

Explanation of Solution
Reporting of long-term assets on balance sheet:
Company OG | ||
Balance Sheet | ||
December 31 | ||
Assets: | 2020 | 2021 |
Non-current asset: | ||
Investment in Available-For-Sale-Securities | 517,500 | 548,875 |
Table (4)
3b.
Compute the reporting of net unrealized gains (losses) related to AFS investments, on the stockholders’ equity section of Company OG, on December 31, 2020 and 2021.
3b.

Explanation of Solution
Reporting of net unrealized gains (losses) on statement of stockholders’ equity:
Company OG | ||
Statement of Stockholders’ Equity | ||
December 31 | ||
2020 | 2021 | |
Stockholders’ Equity: | ||
Common Stock | XXX | |
| XXX | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income: | ||
Net unrealized gains (losses) | (25,000) | (15,000) |
Table (5)
3c.
Compute the revenue related to AFS investments, reported on the income statement of Company OG, for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021.
3c.

Explanation of Solution
Income statement presentation:
Company OG | ||
Income Statement (Partial) | ||
For the Year Ended December 31 | ||
Other Revenue: | 2020 | 2021 |
Interest revenue | 28,000 | 28,000 |
Dividend revenue | 7,125 | 9,975 |
Unrealized gain (loss) | (14,250) | 21,375 |
Table (6)
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