Chapter 9, Problem 9.20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The effect on the rate of the hydration reaction of styrene if the reactions were run in ${\text{D}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}/{\text{D}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ instead of ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}/{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ is to be stated. Whether the products are the same in both cases or not is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The hydration reaction of alkene is an addition of water molecule on the alkene to give back alcohol as a product. This reaction proceeds via formation of carbocation intermediate in the first step by the abstraction of a proton from the solution. The stability of carbocation is responsible for the rate of reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The explanation as to how the rate of hydration of styrene in ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}/{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ is different from the isotopically substituted styrene $\text{Ph}-{\text{CH=CD}}_{\text{2}}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The hydration reaction of alkene is an addition of water molecule on the alkene to give back alcohol as a product. This reaction proceeds via the formation of carbocation intermediate in the first step by the abstraction of a proton from the solution. The stability of carbocation is responsible for the rate of reaction.