Chapter 9, Problem 9.128SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The free energy change for the conversion of liquid water to water vapor at 100&degC needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between $\text{ΔS}$, $\text{ΔH}$ and $\text{ΔG}$ with Temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as:

$\text{ΔG = ΔH - TΔS }$

With the help of this equation one can predict the change in $\text{ΔS}$, $\text{ΔH}$ and $\text{ΔG}$. For any reaction the $\text{ΔH}$ can be calculated with the help of the following relation:

$\text{ΔrH°= ΣΔrH°product - }\sum \text{ΔrH°reactant}$

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The free energy change for the freezing of liquid water to the ice at 0&degC needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between $\text{ΔS}$, $\text{ΔH}$ and $\text{ΔG}$ with temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as:

$\text{ΔG = ΔH - TΔS }$

With the help of this equation one can predict the change in $\text{ΔS}$, $\text{ΔH}$ and $\text{ΔG}$. For any reaction, the $\text{ΔH}$ can be calculated with the help of the following relation:

$\text{ΔrH°= ΣΔrH°product - }\sum \text{ΔrH°reactant}$

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The free energy change for the erosion of a mountain from the glacier needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between $\text{ΔS}$, $\text{ΔH}$ and $\text{ΔG}$ with Temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as:

$\text{ΔG = ΔH - TΔS }$

With the help of this equation one can predict the change in $\text{ΔS}$, $\text{ΔH}$ and $\text{ΔG}$. For any reaction, the $\text{ΔH}$ can be calculated with the help of the following relation:

$\text{ΔrH°= ΣΔrH°product - }\sum \text{ΔrH°reactant}$