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(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the given statement is true or false needs to be determined.
In the phase diagram for a pure substance, triple point is temperature and pressure value at which the substance can boil, freeze and sublime simultaneously
Concept introduction:
Triple point is that point on the phase diagram at which all the three phases, liquid, solid and vapor, are in equilibrium with each other.
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether the given statement is true or false needs to be determined.
The boiling point of CHF3 is more than CHCl3 due to hydrogen bonding in CHCl3.
Concept introduction:
Hydrogen bond is a strong type of dipole force which act between hydrogen atoms bonded to comparatively highly electronegative atoms specially fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen atom in a molecule and an unshared pair on such atoms of the neighboring molecule. There are two types of hydrogen bonding; intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether the given statement is true or false needs to be determined.
The melting and boiling point of a compound is independent of the strength of covalent bonds in it.
Concept introduction:
Covalent bonds are intermolecular bonds which are formed by sharing of electrons between two or more atoms. These can be formed by sharing of electron/s between same or different type of atoms.
(d)
Interpretation:
Whether the given statement is true or false needs to be determined.
The pressure deceases due to decreases in the amount of a condensable gas is reduced in a tank.
Concept introduction:
Here,
P- Pressure
V-Volume
T- Temperature
n- Number of moles
R- Universal gas constant
(e)
Interpretation:
Whether the given statement is true or false needs to be determined.
The temperature above which there is only gas phase is known as the critical temperature.
Concept introduction:
The critical temperature is the temperature below which any phase of a substance can be present but above it, there is no solid and liquid phase exist. Thus, only vapor phase of the substance is present at that point.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook for Masterton/Hurley's Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, 8th Edition, [Instant Access], 4 terms (24 months)
- (a) Consider a substance where the intermolecular forces hold the molecules in fixed rigid positions. What is the process called when enough heat has been added to the substance so that the molecules begin to flow? (b) Consider a substance where the intermolecular forces hold the molecules in close contact with each other, but the molecules can flow. What is the process called when enough heat has been added to the substance so that the molecules escape each other? (c) Consider a substance where the intermolecular forces hold the molecules in fixed rigid positions. What is the process called when enough heat has been added to the substance so that the molecules can escape each other?arrow_forwardBased on the type or types of intermolecular forces, predictthe substance in each pair that has the higher boiling point:(a) propane (C3H8) or n-butane (C4H10), (b) diethyl ether(CH3CH2OCH2CH3) or 1-butanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2OH),(c) sulfur dioxide (SO2) or sulfur trioxide (SO3), (d) phosgene(Cl2CO) or formaldehyde (H2CO).arrow_forwardCoulombs Law describes the interaction between two charges and varies by the magnitude of these charges and inversely with the distance between them. For atoms, we'll label the charges as the nuclear charge and electron charge. 9192 9nuclelec As you go up in atomic number (Z), the number of protons in the nucleus increases, making the charge on the nucleus increase, so that in general. qnuc = Z ·(+1) However if we think only of the electrons in the outermost shells (valence electrons), they do not see the full strength of the nuclear charge because it is partially shielded (or canceled out if you prefer) by the core electrons. So we define something called effective charge. Shielding Experiences net charge of about 1+ Nucleus Effective Charge = # of protons Zeff = Z – core # of core electrons In general, Zeff increases as you go across in the periodic table. 1. Fill out the following table to verify that effective charge increases as you go across a row. Element Na Mg Al Si P S CI Ar…arrow_forward
- Which of the following set of compounds form an ionic solid, a molecular solid, and a covalent network solid, in that order? (A) Na2O, Na2O2, SiO2; (B) Na2O, MgO, Al2O3; (C) BaO, BaO2, CO2; (D) CaO, SO2, SiO2;arrow_forwardComplete the following partial ICE tables. (a) change (b) 2SO3(9) =2SO2(g) + O2(g) +x change CH4(g) + H2O=CO(g) + 3H2(g) +xarrow_forwardNeon and HF have approximately the same molecular mass. (a) Explain why the boiling point of Neon and HF differ. (b) Compare the change in the boiling points of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe with the change of the boiling points of HF, HCl, HBr, and HI, and explain the difference between the changes with increasing atomic or molecular mass.arrow_forward
- Rank the following in order of decreasing(a) Boiling point: O₂, Br₂, As(s)(b) ΔH(vap): Cl₂, Ar, I₂arrow_forwardThe AHvap of xenon is 12.57 kJ · mol¬' and its ASvan is 76.15 J · mol¬1 . K-l. What it the boiling point of xenon? Th = °Carrow_forwardHow much heat, in joules and in calories, must be added to a 89.1 g chromium block with a specific heat of 0.450 J/g·°C to increase its temperature from 25°C to its melting temperature of 1907°C?arrow_forward
- If water were a linear molecule, (a) would it still be polar, and (b) would the water molecules still be able to form hydrogen bonds with one another?arrow_forwardExplain for these observations: (a) The surface tension of CHBr3 is greater than that of CHCl3. (b) As temperature increases, oil flows faster through a narrow tube. (c) Raindrops that collect on a waxed automobile hood take on a nearly spherical shape.arrow_forwardName the type(s) of intermolecular forces that exists between molecules (or basic units) in each of the following species: (a) NaCL (b) CS2arrow_forward
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