Chapter 9, Problem 63E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The difference between a localized $\pi$ bond and a delocalized one.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The way by which it is analyzed that a molecule or ion exhibit delocalized $\pi$ bonding.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: If the $\pi$ bond in ${\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{-}$ is localized or delocalized.