Human Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition) (What's New in Anatomy & Physiology)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134756363
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 4CCS
Children with Muscular Disorders
You're doing a clinical rotation with Dr. Barr, a world-renowned specialist in children's muscle disorders. On your first day, you meet three patients with the same probable diagnosis—nemaline myopathy. Jodi, age 2, has a waddling walk and difficulty standing; Linda. 6 months, has pneumonia associated with problems swallowing; and Tom, 12, has progressive weakness with foot drop and difficulty walking.
“This kind of variation is not surprising.” says Dr. Barr. “A mutation in one of 11 different genes related to thin filaments can cause nemaline myopathy, so you’d expect to see it present in different ways.”
Dr. Barr has scheduled all three children for a muscle biopsy (surgical removal of a small piece of muscle tissue for examination). He explains to you. “We’re going to use these biopsies for two things. First, we're going to look for the characteristic histology of nemaline myopathy. Second, we're going to test for malignant hyperthermia. It's not associated with nemaline myopathy but is associated with a different myopathy that has a similar presentation.”
Malignant hyperthermia is caused by a mutation in a gene related to calcium storage and release in skeletal muscle cells. In individuals with malignant hyperthermia, certain anesthetics can trigger a massive release of calcium into the cytoplasm. This leads to the generation of enough heat to substantially raise body temperature—a life-threatening reaction.
4. + NCLEX-STYLE Which statement best describes the importance of calcium in skeletal muscle contraction?
a. Extracellular calcium entering through ion channels binds to troponin to initiate muscle contraction.
b. Extracellular calcium entering through ion channels binds to tropomyosin to initiate muscle contraction.
c. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to tropomyosin to initiate muscle contraction.
d. Calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to troponin to initiate muscle contraction.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Do a little bit of reserach on each Muscular Dystrophy (MD) subtype and gather your results in the table below. To answer questions 2 and 3, use this table (attached) as a guide.
2. Select two MD subtypes from the table above to examine and contrast their similarities and differences. Questions to consider: How do they differ in their progression?Do they have an impact on various muscle groups or the same ones? Is it more probable that a woman or a man will be affected?Chosen MD Subtypes:
3. What tools are utilised to determine the presence of muscular dystrophy? When forming a particular muscular dystrophy diagnosis, why is it vital to collect different pieces of data?
Relate these conditions to the normal contraction of muscle fibers. Identify the ultimate effect on the ultrastructure and physiology of muscle fibers.1. Muscle hypertrophy2. Muscle atrophy3. Muscle hyperplasia4. Rigor mortis5. Muscular dystrophy
The changes related to muscle mobility are the most obvious in older adult. There can be measurable differences in muscle strength, endurance, range of motion, coordination, elasticity, and flexibility of connective tissue.
Regular exercise is necessary to prevent a decrease in muscle strength. Exercise helps to strengthen muscles and keeps joints, tendons, and ligaments more flexible, allowing for a more active lifestyle.
Please research and describe some activities you could recommend to an elderly patient to stay active to help them maintain muscle mass
Chapter 9 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition) (What's New in Anatomy & Physiology)
Ch. 9 - Prob. 1RQCh. 9 - 2. A fascicle is a (a) muscle, (b) bundle of...Ch. 9 - 3. Thick and thin myofilaments have different...Ch. 9 - 4. The function of the T tubules in muscle...Ch. 9 - 5. The sites where the motor nerve impulse is...Ch. 9 - 6. Contraction elicited by a single brief stimulus...Ch. 9 - 7. A smooth, sustained contraction resulting from...Ch. 9 - 8. Characteristics of isometric contractions...Ch. 9 - 9. During muscle contraction, ATP is provided by...Ch. 9 - 10. The neurotransmitter released by somatic motor...
Ch. 9 - 11. The ions that enter the skeletal muscle cell...Ch. 9 - 12. Myoglobin has a special function in muscle...Ch. 9 - 13. Aerobic exercise results in all of the...Ch. 9 - 14. The smooth muscle type found in the walls of...Ch. 9 - 15. Name and describe the four special functional...Ch. 9 - 16. Distinguish between (a) direct and indirect...Ch. 9 - 17. (a) Describe the structure of a sarcomere and...Ch. 9 - 18. What is the importance of acetylcholinesterase...Ch. 9 - 19. Explain how a slight (but smooth) contraction...Ch. 9 - 20. Explain what is meant by the term...Ch. 9 - 21. Define and draw a motor unit.
Ch. 9 - 23. True or false: Most muscles contain a...Ch. 9 - 24. Describe some cause(s) of muscle fatigue and...Ch. 9 - 26. Smooth muscle has some unique properties, such...Ch. 9 - 2. When a suicide victim was found, the coroner...Ch. 9 - 3. Muscle-relaxing drugs are administered to a...Ch. 9 - Children with Muscular Disorders You're doing a...Ch. 9 - Children with Muscular Disorders
You're doing a...Ch. 9 - Children with Muscular Disorders
You're doing a...Ch. 9 - Children with Muscular Disorders
You're doing a...Ch. 9 - Children with Muscular Disorders You're doing a...Ch. 9 - Children with Muscular Disorders You're doing a...Ch. 9 - Children with Muscular Disorders
You're doing a...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Whether the statement, "Motor neurons trigger action potentials in muscle cell membranes that open voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels in T tubules, allowing extracellular Ca2+ to enter the cytosol, bind to troponin C, and initiate rapid muscle contraction", is true or false.arrow_forward1) Paula is a scientist who is developing a drug called Fremtol that will be used to treat muscle spasms. This drug acts on specific skeletal muscles to (1) block the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, (2) inhibit the pivoting ability of the myosin heads of the thick filaments, and (3) block the production of ATP by the mitochondria in skeletal muscles. By using this drug, contraction of certain skeletal muscle fibers is reduced, which keeps those muscles from producing spasms. In the above scenario, Fremtol’s effect of blocking the pivoting ability of the myosin heads of the thick filaments would have which of the following consequences? a. decreased release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction b. inhibition of the power stroke c. reduced production of myoglobin d. All of the above e. None of the above 2) Paula is a scientist who is developing a drug called Fremtol that will be used to treat muscle spasms. This drug acts on specific skeletal muscles to…arrow_forwardMuscular Dystrophy (MD) is the name of a group of muscle disorders that are characterized by progressive weakness and wasting of the voluntary muscles that control body movement. As muscle tissue weakens and wastes away, it is replaced by fatty and connective tissue. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most severe form of dystrophinopathy . It occurs mostly in young boys and is the most common form of MD that affects children. Which of the following would NOT likely be a sign or symptom of Duchenne muscular dystrophy ? A)lack of peristalsis in the digestive tract b)frequent falls c) weakness in lower leg muscles, resulting in difficulty running and jumping D) difficulty getting up from a lying or sitting positionarrow_forward
- Troponin C has been mutated such that it cannot bind to calcium. Describe the effect of this mutation on sarcomere shortening in skeletal muscle. A complete answer will describe the normal function of troponin C, the normal process of sarcomere shortening, and will describe the overall effect of the mutation on sarcomere shortening based on troponin C's function and its role in the overall process of sarcomere shortening.arrow_forward2) Paula is a scientist who is developing a drug called Fremtol that will be used to treat muscle spasms. This drug acts on specific skeletal muscles to (1) block the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, (2) inhibit the pivoting ability of the myosin heads of the thick filaments, and (3) block the production of ATP by the mitochondria in skeletal muscles. By using this drug, contraction of certain skeletal muscle fibers is reduced, which keeps those muscles from producing spasms. In the above scenario, Fremtol’s effect of blocking the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum would most directly prevent which the following? a. activation of tropomyosin b. activation of troponin c. activation of actin d. All of the above e. None of the abovearrow_forwardDiscuss the notion that intense exercise might result in permanent damage to (b) the musculoskeletal system in children.arrow_forward
- this is an anotomy/physilogy questionarrow_forwardMen are generally stronger than women because they typically have larger bodies, and a more significant proportion of their total body mass is made up of muscle. However, when strength is expressed per unit of the cross-sectional area of muscle tissue, men are only 1-2% stronger than women in the upper body and equal to women in the lower body. Explain two factors that explain these disparities.arrow_forward3) Paula is a scientist who is developing a drug called Fremtol that will be used to treat muscle spasms. This drug acts on specific skeletal muscles to (1) block the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, (2) inhibit the pivoting ability of the myosin heads of the thick filaments, and (3) block the production of ATP by the mitochondria in skeletal muscles. By using this drug, contraction of certain skeletal muscle fibers is reduced, which keeps those muscles from producing spasms. In the above scenario, Fremtol’s effect of blocking muscle mitochondrial ATP production would result in the inability of the muscle to make ATP from ___________. a. creatine phosphate b. anaerobic glycolysis c. aerobic respiration d. All of the above e. None of the abovearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...Health & NutritionISBN:9781305634350Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. SchroederPublisher:Cengage Learning
Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...
Nursing
ISBN:9781305964792
Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy Correa
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781305634350
Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Musculoskeletal System | Educational Videos for Kids; Author: Happy Learning English;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynVRDsDC-84;License: Standard youtube license