Problem 1SAQ: Q1. Which set of wavelengths for light are arranged in order of increasing frequency?
a. 250 nm; 300... Problem 2SAQ: Which of the listed types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength? a. ultraviolet b.... Problem 3SAQ: Q3. Which electron transition in the Bohr model would produce light with the longest wavelength?
a.... Problem 4SAQ: What is the electron configuration of arsenic (As)? a. [Ar]4s24p3 b. [Ar]4s24d104p3 c. [Ar]4s24d64p3... Problem 5SAQ: Which orbital diagram corresponds to phosphorus (P)? Problem 6SAQ: Q6. How many valence electrons does tellurium (Te) have?
a. 5
b. 6
c. 16
d. 52
Problem 7SAQ: Q7. The element sulfur forms an ion with what charge?
a. 2−
b. 1−
c. 1+
d. 2+
Problem 8SAQ: Order the elements Sr, Ca, and Se in order of decreasing atomic size. a. SeSrCa b. CaSeSr c. SrCaSe... Problem 9SAQ: Which of the listed elements has the highest ionization energy? a. Sn b. S c. Si d. F Problem 10SAQ: Q10. Which of the listed elements is most metallic?
a. Al
b. N
c. P
d. O
Problem 11SAQ: Which property decreases as you move down a column in the periodic table? a. atomic size b.... Problem 12SAQ: Q12. When aluminum forms an ion, it loses electrons. How many electrons does it lose, and which... Problem 1E: 1. When were the Bohr model the quantum-mechanical model for the atom developed? What purpose do... Problem 2E: 2. What is light? How fast does light travel?
Problem 3E: 3. What is white light? Colored light?
Problem 4E: Explain in terms of absorbed and reflected light, why a blue object appears blue. Problem 5E: What is the relationship between the wavelength of light and the amount of energy carried by its... Problem 6E Problem 7E: How are X-rays used? Problem 8E: Why should excess exposure to gamma rays and X-rays be avoided? Problem 9E: Why should excess exposure to ultraviolet light be avoided? Problem 10E: What objects emit infrared light? What technology exploits this? Problem 11E: Why do microwave ovens heat food but tend not to heat the dish the food is on? Problem 12E: 12 .What type of electromagnetic radiation is used in communications devices such as cellular... Problem 13E: Describe the Bohr model for the hydrogen atom. Problem 14E: 14. What is an emission spectrum? Use the Bohr model explain why the emission spectrum of the... Problem 15E: 15. Explain the difference between a Bohr orbit and a quantum-mechanical orbital.
Problem 16E: 16. What is the difference between the ground state of an atom and an excited state of an atom?
Problem 17E: 17. Explain how the motion of an electron is different from the motion of a baseball. What is a... Problem 18E: 18. Why do quantum-mechanical orbital have “fuzzy” boundaries?
Problem 19E Problem 20E: 20. List the quantum-mechanical orbitals through 5s, in the correct energy order for multi-electron... Problem 21E Problem 22E Problem 23E: Within an electron configuration. What do symbols such as [Ne] and [Kr] represent? Problem 24E: Explain the difference between valence electrons and core electrons. Problem 25E: Identify each block in the blank periodic table. a. s block b. p block c. d block d. f block Problem 26E Problem 27E Problem 28E Problem 29E Problem 30E: How far does light travel in each time period? a. 1.0 s b. 1.0 day c. 1.0 yr Problem 31E: 31. Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?
a. visible
b. ultraviolet
c.... Problem 32E: 32. Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?
a. radio waves
b.... Problem 33E: List the types of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing energy per photon. a. radio waves... Problem 34E: List the types of electromagnetic radiation in order of decreasing energy per photon. a. gamma rays... Problem 35E: List two types of electromagnetic radiation with frequencies higher than visible light. Problem 36E: List two types of electromagnetic radiation with frequencies lower than infrared light. Problem 37E: List these three types of radiationinfrared, X-ray, and radio wavesin order of: a. increasing energy... Problem 38E: List these three types of electromagnetic radiationvisible, gamma rays, and microwavesin order of:... Problem 39E Problem 40E: 40. In the Bohr model, what happens when an electron makes a transition between orbits?
Problem 41E: 41. Two of the emission wavelengths in the hydrogen emission spectrum 410 nm 434 nm. One of these is... Problem 42E: 42. Two of the emission wavelengths in the hydrogen emission spectrum are 656 nm and 486 nm. One of... Problem 43E: 43. Sketch the 1s and 2p orbitals. How do the 2s and 3p orbitals differ from the 1s and 2p... Problem 44E: Sketch the 3d orbitals. How do the 4d orbitals differ from the 3d orbitals? Problem 45E: Which electron is, on average closer to the nucleus: an electron in a 2s orbital or an electron in a... Problem 46E: 46. Which electron is, on average, farther from the nucleus: an electron in a 3p orbital or an... Problem 47E: 47. According to the quantum-mechanical model for the hydrogen atom, which electron transition... Problem 48E Problem 49E: 49. Write full electron configuration for each element.
a. Sr
b. Ge
c. Li
d. Kr
Problem 50E Problem 51E: 51. Write full orbital diagrams and indicate the number of unpaired electrons for each element.
a.... Problem 52E: Write full orbital diagrams and indicate the number of unpaired electrons for each element. a. F b.... Problem 53E: Write electron configurations for each element. Use the symbol of the previous noble gas in brackets... Problem 54E: Write electron configurations for each element. Use the symbol of the previous noble gas in brackets... Problem 55E Problem 56E Problem 57E Problem 58E: 58. Write full electron configurations and indicate the valence electrons and the core electrons for... Problem 59E: Write orbital diagrams for the valence electrons and indicate the number of unpaired electrons for... Problem 60E: 60. Write orbital diagrams for the valence electrons and indicate the number of unpaired electrons... Problem 61E: How many valence electrons are in each element? a. O b. S c. Br d. Rb Problem 62E Problem 63E Problem 64E Problem 65E Problem 66E: Use the periodic table to write electron configurations for each element. a. Tl b. Co c. Ba d. Sb Problem 67E: Use the periodic table to write electron configurations for each element. a. Sr b. Y c. Ti d. Te Problem 68E Problem 69E Problem 70E Problem 71E Problem 72E Problem 73E: Name the element in the third period (row) of the periodic table with: a. three valence electrons b.... Problem 74E: 74. Name the element in the fourth period of the periodic table with:
a. five valence electrons
b. a... Problem 75E: 75. Use the periodic table to identify the element with each electron configuration.
a.
b.
c.
d.... Problem 76E Problem 77E: 77. Choose the element with the higher ionization energy from each pair.
a. As or Bi
b. As or Br
c.... Problem 78E: Choose the element with the higher ionization energy from each pair. a. Al or In b. Cl or Sb c. K or... Problem 79E: Arrange the elements in order of increasing ionization energy: Te, Pb, Cl, S, Sn. Problem 80E Problem 81E: 81. Choose the element with the larger atoms from each pair.
a. Al or In
b. Si or N
c. P or Pb
d. C... Problem 82E: Choose the element with the larger atoms from each pair. a. Sn or Si b. Br or Ga c. Sn or Bi d. Se... Problem 83E Problem 84E Problem 85E: 85. Choose the more metallic element from each pair.
a. Sr or Sb
b. As or Bi
c. Cl or O
d. S or As
Problem 86E: Choose the more metallic element from each pair. a. Sb or Pb b. K or Ge c. Ge or Sb d. As or Sn Problem 87E: 87. Arrange these elements in order of increasing metallic character: Fr, Sb, In, S, Ba, Se.
Problem 88E: Arrange these elements in order of decreasing metallic character: O, Te, Bi, Sb, Se, Tl. Problem 89E: What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the n=3 quantum shell? Problem 90E Problem 91E: Use the electron configurations of the alkaline earth metals to explain why they tend to form 2 +... Problem 92E Problem 93E: Write the electron configuration for each ion. What do all of the electron configurations have in... Problem 94E: Write the electron configuration for each ion. What do all of the electron configurations have in... Problem 95E Problem 96E: 96. Examine Figure 4.14, which shows the elements that form predictable. Use what you know about... Problem 97E Problem 98E: Identify what is wrong with each electron configuration and write the correct ground-state (or... Problem 99E Problem 100E Problem 101E Problem 102E: Based on periodic trends, which one of these elements would you expect to be most easily reduced:... Problem 103E: When an electron makes a transition from n=3 to the n=2 hydrogen atom Bohr orbit, the energy... Problem 104E Problem 105E: The distance from the sun to Earth is 1.496108 km. How long does it take light to travel form sun to... Problem 106E Problem 107E: In the beginning of this chapter, you learned that the quantum-mechanical model for the atom is the... Problem 108E: 108. Niels Bohr said, “Anyone who is not shocked by quantum mechanics has not understood it.” What... Problem 109E: 107. The wave nature of matter was first proposed by Louis de Broglie, who suggested the wavelength... Problem 110E: 108. The particle nature of light was first proposed by Albert Einstein, who suggested that light... Problem 111E Problem 112E: When atoms lose more than one electron, the ionization energy to remove the second electron is... Problem 113E: 111. Excessive exposure to sunlight increases the risk of skin cancer because some of the photons... Problem 114E: 112. The quantum-mechanical model, besides revolutionizing chemistry, shook the philosophical world... Problem 115E Problem 118E: 116. Using grammatically correct sentences, describe the periodic trends for atomic size, ionization... format_list_bulleted
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