a.
Prepare
a.

Explanation of Solution
The following entries need to be passed in year 2017 (cash flow hedge):
Date | Particulars | Post Ref. | Debit($) | Credit($) |
12/01/17 | 43,200 | |||
Sales | 43,200 | |||
( To record sale and account receivable at spot rate | ||||
( No formal entry for forward contract because it an executor contract) | ||||
12/3/17 | Account Receivable | 1,600 | ||
Foreign exchange gain | 1,600 | |||
(To relevant the foreign currency account receivable and recognized foreign exchange gain) | ||||
12/3/17 | AOCI ( Accumulated other comprehensive Income) | 1960.6 | ||
Forward contact | 1960.6 | |||
( To record change in fair value of the forward contract as a liability ) | ||||
12/31/17 | Loss on forward contract | 1,600 | ||
AOCI ( Accumulated other comprehensive Income) | 1,600 | |||
(To record loss on forward contract option to affect the gain) | ||||
12/31/17 | AOCI ( Accumulated other comprehensive Income) | 400 | ||
Premium Revenue | 400 | |||
(To allocate the premium on forward contract as revenue over the life of contract) |
Table: (1)
Impact on 2017:
Particular | Amount($) | Amount($) |
Sale Revenue | 43,200 | |
Foreign exchange gain | 1,600 | |
Loss on forward contract | (1,600) | |
Premium Revenue | - | 400 |
Total | 43,600 |
Table: (2)
Journal entries in 2018:
Date | Particular | Post Ref. | Debit($) | Credit($) |
3/1/18 | Account Receivable (k) | 2,400 | ||
Foreign exchange gain | 2,400 | |||
( To revalue at spot rate as on 3/1/2108 | ||||
12/3/17 | AOCI ( Accumulated other comprehensive Income) | 839.4 | ||
Forward contact | 839.4 | |||
( To adjust the carrying value change of the forward contract at fair value on 3/1/2018) | ||||
12/31/17 | Loss on forward contract | 2,400 | ||
AOCI ( Accumulated other comprehensive Income) | 2,400 | |||
(To record loss on forward contract to affect the gain on foreign exchange) | ||||
12/31/17 | AOCI ( Accumulated other comprehensive Income) | 800 | ||
Premium Revenue | 800 | |||
To allocate the premium os as revenue over the life of contract) | ||||
Foreign currency (k) | 47,200 | |||
Account Receivable | 47,200 | |||
( To record the receipt from customer) | ||||
Cash | 44,400 | |||
Forward contract | 2,800 | |||
Foreign currency | 47,200 | |||
( To record the settlement of forward contract ) |
Table: (3)
Impact on net income for year 2018:
Particular | Amount($) | Amount($) |
Foreign exchange gain | 2,400 | |
Loss on foreign exchange | (2,400) | |
Net gain/(loss) | 0 | |
Premium Revenue | - | 800 |
Impact on income | 800 |
Table: (4)
Working note:
Net income over the two accounting period:
Particulars | Amount($) |
Gain 2017 | 1,600 |
Gain 2018 | 2,400 |
Premium | 1,200 |
Net gain | 5,200 |
Table: (5)
b.
Prepare journal entries for transaction of forward contract as a fair value hedge of foreign currency receivable and recognize any premium or discount using straight line method and identify the impact on net income as 2017 and 2018 and identify the impact on overall net income of two accounting period.
b.

Explanation of Solution
The journal entries for transaction of forward contract as a fair value hedge of foreign currency receivable and recognize any premium or discount using straight line method:
Date | Particulars | Post Ref. | Debit($) | Credit($) |
12/1/18 | Account Receivable | 43,200 | ||
Sales | 43,200 | |||
( To record sales and account receivable at spot rate) | ||||
12/31/17 | Account Receivable | 1,600 | ||
Foreign Exchange gain | 1,600 | |||
( To relevant the foreign currency account receivable and recognize a foreign exchange gain) | ||||
12/31/17 | Loss on forward contract | 1960.6 | ||
Forward contract | 1960.6 | |||
(To record forward contract to liability) |
Table: (6)
Impact on net income of 2017:
Particular | Amount($) | Amount($) |
Sales | 43,200 | |
Foreign exchange gain | 1,600 | |
Loss on forward contract | (1,960.6) | |
Net gain/(loss) | - | (360.6) |
Impact on net income | 43,839.4 |
Table: (7)
Journal entries in 2018:
Date | Particulars | Post Ref. | Debit($) | Credit($) |
3/1/18 | Account Receivable | 2,400 | ||
Foreign exchange gain | 2,400 | |||
( To revalue at spot rate as on 3/1/2108 | ||||
12/03/17 | Loss on forward contact | 839.4 | ||
Forward contact | 839.4 | |||
( To adjust the carrying value change at fair value) | ||||
12/31/17 | Foreign currency | 47,200 | ||
Account Receivable | 47,200 | |||
( To record the receipt from customer) | ||||
Cash | 44,400 | |||
Forward contract | 2,800 | |||
Foreign currency | 47,200 | |||
( To record the settlement of forward contract ) |
Table: (8)
Impact on net income for year 2018:
Particular | Amount($) |
Foreign exchange gain | 2,400 |
Loss on foreign exchange | (839.4) |
Impact on net income | 1,560.6 |
Table: (9)
Working note:
Net income over the two accounting period:
Particular | Amount($) |
2017 Income loss | (360.6) |
2018 Gain | 1,560.6 |
Net impact gain | 1,200 |
Table: (10)
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