Explanation Person N is a former late preterm male baby who was diagnosed prenatally with a cardiac condition, which could affect his ability to feed. Person N’s mother has a medical history of chronic hypertension, obesity, and gestational diabetes. Even though his mother was succesful at expressing and maintaining breast milk supply, he was poor to feed on it. The family was reffered to a number of orientation programs and clinics to improve Person N’s feeding difficulties. Even though Person N nurses frequently, her growth is slower than expected. His cardiologist cleared that his cardiac condtion does not affect his feeding, and his growth is slower than expected. Gradually, Person N continues to nipple small volumes of breast milk and started to have increased caloric density of expressed breast milk with the addition of infant formula powder. Even after this, he was not able to obtain higher fat or higher calorie hindmilk. Overtime, he was introduced with baby foods along with breastfeed. His weight-for-length percentile has fallen to the 3 rd percentile because of slower weight gain...

7th Edition

ISBN: 9781337919340

Author: Brown

Publisher: CENGAGE L

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Eating behaviors

The term "eating behaviors" is an umbrella term that encompasses aspects such as food selection and motivations, feeding habits, dieting, and eating behavior-related concerns such as obesity and eating disorders. Eating behavior is influenced by various …

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 2.2CS

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way it would be known if Noah’s nutritional intake is sufficient.

Introduction: Infants require good nutrition during the first two years of their life. Proper nutrition is vital for healthy growth and development in infants. It is recommended that babies should be breastfed exclusively for their first six months of life for proper growth, development, and immunity to fight against diseases in their initial days.

Expert Solution & Answer

Chapter 9 Solutions

NUTRITION THROUGH LIFE CYCLE(LL)-TEXT

Ch. 9 - Prob. 1.1CS Ch. 9 - Prob. 1.2CS Ch. 9 - Prob. 1.3CS Ch. 9 - Prob. 2.1CS Ch. 9 - Prob. 2.2CS Ch. 9 - Prob. 2.3CS Ch. 9 - Prob. 2.4CS Ch. 9 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 9 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 9 - Prob. 3RQ

Ch. 9 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 9 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 9 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 9 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 9 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 9 - Prob. 9RQ

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After hearing this information, should Sue and Tim feel that their chances of having a child with a cleft lip are increased over that of the general population? Sue and Tim were referred for genetic counseling after they inquired about the risk of having a child with a cleft lip. Tim was born with a mild cleft lip that was surgically repaired. He expressed concern that his future children could be at risk for a more severe form of clefting. Sue was in her 12th week of pregnancy, and both were anxious about the pregnancy because Sue had had a difficult time conceiving. The couple stated that they would not consider terminating the pregnancy for any reason but wanted to be prepared for the possibility of having a child with a birth defect. The genetic counselor took a three-generation family history from both Sue and Tim and found that Tim was the only person to have had a cleft lip. Sues family history showed no cases of cleft lip. Tim and Sue had several misconceptions about clefting, and the genetic counselor spent time explaining how cleft lips occur and some of the known causes of this birth defect. The following list summarizes the counselors discussion with the couple. Fathers, as well as mothers, can pass on genes that cause clefting. Some clefts are caused by environmental factors, meaning that the condition didnt come from the father or the mother. One child in 33 is born with some sort of birth defect. One in 700 is born with a cleft-related birth defect. Most clefts occur in boys; however, a girl can be born with a cleft. If a person (male or female) is born with a cleft, the chances of that person having a child with a cleft, given no other obvious factor, is 7 in 100. Some clefts are related to identifiable syndromes. Of those, some are autosomal dominant. A person with an autosomal dominant gene has a 50% probability of passing the gene to an offspring. Many clefts run in families even when there does not seem to be any identifiable syndrome present. Clefting seems to be related to ethnicity, occurring most often among Asians, Latinos, and Native Americans (1 : 500); next most often among persons of European ethnicity (1 : 700); and least often among persons of African origin (1 : 1,000). A cleft condition develops during the fourth to the eighth week of pregnancy. After that critical period, nothing the mother does can cause a cleft. Sometimes a cleft develops even before the mother is aware that she is pregnant. Women who smoke are twice as likely to give birth to a child with a cleft. Women who ingest large quantities of vitamin A or low quantities of folic acid are more likely to have children with a cleft. In about 70% of cases, the fetal face is clearly visible using ultrasound. Facial disorders have been detected at the 15th gestational week of pregnancy. Ultrasound can be precise and reliable in diagnosing fetal craniofacial conditions.

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