Biology
Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 9, Problem 1TY
Summary Introduction

Introduction: Cells respond to the changing environment, such as light, water, nutrient that causes some change in cell. These cellular changes enable a cell to adapt with respect to the changing environment.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: An agent that allows a cell to respond to changes in its environment is known as a signal. Hence, the correct answer is an option d.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

The biological system such as a cell responds to changes in the environment with the help of a signal. Cell signaling involves many stepwise changes in the cell, such as activation of receptor, signal transduction, and a response by the cell. Therefore, a signal is an agent, which helps various cell processes to cope with the environmental changes.

Option (d) is given as “a signal”.

A signal is an agent that help cells to respond to changes in the environment. Hence, option d. is correct.

Reasons for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as, “a cell surface receptor”.

Cell surface receptors are present on the cell membrane and it binds to the specific molecules. Therefore, cell surface receptors are involved in cellular signaling process. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as, “an intracellular receptor”.

The receptors that are present inside the cell are known as intracellular receptor. They are involved in cellular signaling process. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “a structural protein”.

Cell membrane contains structural proteins and it confer a particular shape to the cell. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as, “apoptosis”.

The programmed cell death is termed as apoptosis. It is a part of cell signaling, but this process does not signal a cellular response. Hence, option e. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., c., and e. are incorrect.

Conclusion

A cell responds to changes in the environment through an agent known as “signal”.

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After you feel comfortable with your counting method and identifying cells in the various stages of mitosis, use the four images below of whitefish blastula to count the cells in each stage until you reach 100 total cells, recording your data below in Data Table 1. (You may not need to use all four images. Stop counting when you reach 100 total cells.) After totaling the cells in each stage, calculate the percent of cells in each stage. (Divide total of stage by overall total of 100 and then multiply by 100 to obtain percentage.)   Data Table 1Stage    Totals    PercentInterphase        Mitosis:        Prophase        Metaphase        Anaphase        Telophase        Cytokinesis        Totals    100    100% To find the length of time whitefish blastula cells spend in each stage, multiply the percent (recorded as a decimal, in other words take the percent number and divide by 100) by 24 hours. (Example: If percent is 20%, then Time in Hours = .2 * 24 = 4.8) Record your data in Data…
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