Discover Biology (Sixth Core Edition)
Discover Biology (Sixth Core Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393936735
Author: Anu Singh-Cundy, Gary Shin
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 9, Problem 1SQ
Summary Introduction

Introduction: Genes are DNA sequences that code for specific traits. The specific position of a gene on a chromosome is known as locus. Genes have alternate forms known as alleles that are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid at F1 generation. The dominant allele out of the two alleles expresses itself and determines the phenotype.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Alternate versions of a gene for a given trait are called alleles. Therefore, option a. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct statement:

Genes exist in two alternate versions called as alleles. Alleles occupy the same position known as locus on chromosomes. Each diploid organism consists of two sets of chromosomes known as homologous chromosomes. These homologous chromosomes each consist of one allele of a gene. If the two alleles at the gene locus are the same, it is known as homozygous and if two alleles are different, it is known as heterozygous.

Hence, option a. is correct.

Reasons for the incorrect statement:

Option b. is given as “heterozygotes”. Heterozygotes refer to those that have two different alleles of a gene. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option c. is given as “genotypes”. Genotype is the whole genetic makeup of an organism. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option d. is given as “copies of a gene”. The copies of a gene are formed by its duplication. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options b., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion
Alleles are the alternate versions of a gene coding for a trait.

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