Why do we hybtidize atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds? What type of bonds form from hybrid orbitals: sigma or pi? Explain.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ

Why do we hybtidize atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds? What type of bonds form from hybrid orbitals: sigma or pi? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds is to be stated. The type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions Hybrid orbitals having same energies are suitable for pairing of electrons which leads to the formation of chemical bond. Both sigma and pi bonds are formed from hybrid atomic orbital.

To determine: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds and the type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals.

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Due to difference between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, it is rationalized that a new set of atomic orbitals is required which result from hybridization. If there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals then sigma bond is formed and if there is a “side to side” overlap then pi bonds are formed.

Explanation of Solution

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions. Hybridized orbitals are used in the formation of covalent compounds.

Due to discrepancy between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, a new set of atomic orbitals are used, commonly known as hybrid orbitals, which are required to explain the bonding structure.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals.

Sigma bond is formed when there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals and pi bond is formed when there is a “side to side” overlap.

Formation of sigma bond is shown in Figure 1.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

Formation of pi bond is shown in Figure 2.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

Conclusion

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ

Why do we hybtidize atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds? What type of bonds form from hybrid orbitals: sigma or pi? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds is to be stated. The type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions Hybrid orbitals having same energies are suitable for pairing of electrons which leads to the formation of chemical bond. Both sigma and pi bonds are formed from hybrid atomic orbital.

To determine: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds and the type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals.

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Due to difference between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, it is rationalized that a new set of atomic orbitals is required which result from hybridization. If there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals then sigma bond is formed and if there is a “side to side” overlap then pi bonds are formed.

Explanation of Solution

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions. Hybridized orbitals are used in the formation of covalent compounds.

Due to discrepancy between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, a new set of atomic orbitals are used, commonly known as hybrid orbitals, which are required to explain the bonding structure.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals.

Sigma bond is formed when there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals and pi bond is formed when there is a “side to side” overlap.

Formation of sigma bond is shown in Figure 1.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

Formation of pi bond is shown in Figure 2.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

Conclusion

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ

Why do we hybtidize atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds? What type of bonds form from hybrid orbitals: sigma or pi? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds is to be stated. The type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions Hybrid orbitals having same energies are suitable for pairing of electrons which leads to the formation of chemical bond. Both sigma and pi bonds are formed from hybrid atomic orbital.

To determine: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds and the type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals.

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Due to difference between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, it is rationalized that a new set of atomic orbitals is required which result from hybridization. If there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals then sigma bond is formed and if there is a “side to side” overlap then pi bonds are formed.

Explanation of Solution

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions. Hybridized orbitals are used in the formation of covalent compounds.

Due to discrepancy between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, a new set of atomic orbitals are used, commonly known as hybrid orbitals, which are required to explain the bonding structure.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals.

Sigma bond is formed when there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals and pi bond is formed when there is a “side to side” overlap.

Formation of sigma bond is shown in Figure 1.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

Formation of pi bond is shown in Figure 2.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

Conclusion

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ

Why do we hybtidize atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds? What type of bonds form from hybrid orbitals: sigma or pi? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds is to be stated. The type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions Hybrid orbitals having same energies are suitable for pairing of electrons which leads to the formation of chemical bond. Both sigma and pi bonds are formed from hybrid atomic orbital.

To determine: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds and the type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals.

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Due to difference between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, it is rationalized that a new set of atomic orbitals is required which result from hybridization. If there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals then sigma bond is formed and if there is a “side to side” overlap then pi bonds are formed.

Explanation of Solution

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions. Hybridized orbitals are used in the formation of covalent compounds.

Due to discrepancy between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, a new set of atomic orbitals are used, commonly known as hybrid orbitals, which are required to explain the bonding structure.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals.

Sigma bond is formed when there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals and pi bond is formed when there is a “side to side” overlap.

Formation of sigma bond is shown in Figure 1.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

Formation of pi bond is shown in Figure 2.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

Conclusion

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds is to be stated. The type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions Hybrid orbitals having same energies are suitable for pairing of electrons which leads to the formation of chemical bond. Both sigma and pi bonds are formed from hybrid atomic orbital.

To determine: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds and the type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals.

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Due to difference between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, it is rationalized that a new set of atomic orbitals is required which result from hybridization. If there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals then sigma bond is formed and if there is a “side to side” overlap then pi bonds are formed.

Explanation of Solution

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions. Hybridized orbitals are used in the formation of covalent compounds.

Due to discrepancy between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, a new set of atomic orbitals are used, commonly known as hybrid orbitals, which are required to explain the bonding structure.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals.

Sigma bond is formed when there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals and pi bond is formed when there is a “side to side” overlap.

Formation of sigma bond is shown in Figure 1.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

Formation of pi bond is shown in Figure 2.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

Conclusion

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds is to be stated. The type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions Hybrid orbitals having same energies are suitable for pairing of electrons which leads to the formation of chemical bond. Both sigma and pi bonds are formed from hybrid atomic orbital.

To determine: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds and the type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals.

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Due to difference between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, it is rationalized that a new set of atomic orbitals is required which result from hybridization. If there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals then sigma bond is formed and if there is a “side to side” overlap then pi bonds are formed.

Explanation of Solution

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions. Hybridized orbitals are used in the formation of covalent compounds.

Due to discrepancy between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, a new set of atomic orbitals are used, commonly known as hybrid orbitals, which are required to explain the bonding structure.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals.

Sigma bond is formed when there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals and pi bond is formed when there is a “side to side” overlap.

Formation of sigma bond is shown in Figure 1.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

Formation of pi bond is shown in Figure 2.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

Conclusion

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds is to be stated. The type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions Hybrid orbitals having same energies are suitable for pairing of electrons which leads to the formation of chemical bond. Both sigma and pi bonds are formed from hybrid atomic orbital.

To determine: A reason corresponding to the hybridizing of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds and the type of bonds that are formed from hybrid orbitals.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 1RQ

Due to difference between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, it is rationalized that a new set of atomic orbitals is required which result from hybridization. If there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals then sigma bond is formed and if there is a “side to side” overlap then pi bonds are formed.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

Hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing of atomic orbitals when superimposed on each other in various proportions. Hybridized orbitals are used in the formation of covalent compounds.

Due to discrepancy between the predicted structure and the experimental structure, a new set of atomic orbitals are used, commonly known as hybrid orbitals, which are required to explain the bonding structure.

During the formation of hybrid orbitals both type of bonds, sigma and pi, are formed.

Sigma bonds and pi bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals.

Sigma bond is formed when there is a “head to head” overlap of orbitals and pi bond is formed when there is a “side to side” overlap.

Formation of sigma bond is shown in Figure 1.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

Formation of pi bond is shown in Figure 2.

Bundle: Chemistry, 10th + Laboratory Handbook for General Chemistry, 3rd + Student Resource Center Printed Access Card + Student Solutions Manual for ... Access Card for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste, Chapter 9, Problem 1RQ , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2