Explanation The T-s diagram with all given states is shown below. Figure-(1) Write the expression for the specific entropy at point 2. s 2 = s f + x 2 s f g (I) Here, the specific entropy of the saturated water is s f , the specific entropy of the water vapor mixture is s f g and the dryness fraction corresponding to point 2 is x 2 . Write the expression for the specific enthalpy at point 2. h 2 = h f 2 + x 2 h f g 2 (II) Here, the specific enthalpy of the saturated water is h f 2 , the specific enthalpy of the water vapor mixture is h f g and the dryness fraction is x 2 corresponding to point 2. Write the expression for the specific entropy at point 3. s 3 = s f 3 + x 3 s f g (III) Here, the specific entropy of the saturated water is s f 3 , the specific entropy of the water vapor mixture is s f g and the dryness fraction is x 3 corresponding to point 3. Write the expression for the specific enthalpy at point 3. h 3 = h f 3 + x 3 h f g 3 (IV) Here, the specific enthalpy of the saturated water is h f 3 and the specific enthalpy of the water vapor mixture is h f g 3 and the dryness fraction is x 3 corresponding to point 3. Write the expression for the enthalpy at point 5. h 5 = h 4 + v 4 ( p 5 − p 4 ) (V) Here, the pressure at the point 5 is p 5 , the pressure at the point 4 is p 4 , the specific volume at point 4 is v 4 , the specific enthalpy at state 5 is h 5 and the specific enthalpy at state 4 is h 4 . Write the expression for the enthalpy at point 7. h 7 = h 6 + v 6 ( p 7 − p 6 ) (VI) Here, the pressure at the point 7 is p 7 , the pressure at the point 6 is p 6 , the specific volume at point 6 is v 6 , the specific enthalpy at state 7 is h 7 and the specific enthalpy at state 6 is h 6 . Write the expression for the fraction of the mass of steam entering in to feed water heater before entering into second stage turbine. y = ( h 6 − h 5 ) ( h 2 − h 5 ) (VII) Write the expression for the turbine work. W T m ˙ = ( h 1 − h 2 ) + ( 1 − y ) ( h 2 − h 3 ) (VIII) Here, the mass flow rate of the steam is m ˙ . Write the expression for the pump work. W P m ˙ = ( h 7 − h 6 ) + ( 1 − y ) ( h 5 − h 4 ) (IX) Write the expression for the net work. W n e t m ˙ = W T m ˙ − W P m ˙ (X) Write the expression for energy balance in condenser. m ˙ ( h 3 − h 4 ) ( 1 − y ) = m ˙ w c p w ( Δ T c w ) (XI) Here, the mass flow rate of water in condenser is m ˙ w , specific heat capacity of water is c p w , and the temperature increase in cooling water is Δ T c w . Write the expression for energy loss in cooling tower. ( e o u t − e i n ) l o s s = m ˙ w m ˙ [ c p w Δ T c w − c p w T i n ln T o u t T i n ] (XII) Write the exergy destruction in feed water heater. ( Φ D e s t r u c t i o n i n h e a t e r ) = T o [ s 6 − y s 2 − ( 1 − y ) s 5 ] (XIII) Here, specific entropy at state 6 is s 6 , specific entropy at state 2 is s 2 , the surrounding temperature is T o , and specific entropy at state 5 is s 5 . Write the expression for exergy destruction in condenser. ( Φ D e s t r u c t i o n i n c o n d e n s e r ) = T o [ ( 1 − y ) ( s 4 − s 3 ) + m ˙ w m ˙ c p w ln T o u t T i n ] (XIV) Here, specific entropy at state 4 is s 4 , and specific entropy at state 3 is s 3 . Conclusion: Refer to Table A-4 “Properties of Superheated Water Vapor table” to obtain specific enthalpy ( h 1 ) as 3465.4 kJ / kg and the specific entropy ( s 1 ) as 6.5132 kJ / kg ⋅ K at temperature 560 ° C and pressure 160 bar . Refer to Table A-3 “Properties of Saturated Water-Pressure table” to obtain the specific enthalpy ( h f ) of liquid as 173.9 kJ / kg , specific enthalpy of vaporization ( h f g ) as 2403.2 kJ / kg , the specific entropy of liquid ( s f ) 0.593 kJ / kg ⋅ K , specific entropy of vaporization ( s f g ) as 7.657 kJ / kg ⋅ K , and specific volume as 1.008 × 10 − 3 m 3 / kg at pressure 0.08 bar . Refer to Table A-3 “Properties of Saturated Water-Pressure table” to obtain specific enthalpy ( h f ) of liquid as 762.6 kJ / kg , specific enthalpy of vaporization ( h f g ) as 2013.6 kJ / kg , the specific entropy ( s f ) of liquid 2.138 kJ / kg ⋅ K , specific entropy ( s f g ) of vaporization as 4.445 kJ / kg ⋅ K and specific volume ( v f ) of liquid as 1.127 × 10 − 3 m 3 / kg at pressure 10 bar . Substitute 6.5132 kJ / kg ⋅ K for s 2 , 2.138 kJ / kg ⋅ K for s f and 4.445 kJ / kg ⋅ K for s f g in Equation (I). 6.5132 kJ / kg ⋅ K = ( 2.138 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) + x 2 × ( 4.445 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) x 2 = ( 6.5132 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) − ( 2.138 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) ( 4.445 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) x 2 = 0.984 Substitute 762.6 kJ / kg for h f 2 , 0.984 for x 2 and 2013.6 kJ / kg for h f g 2 in Equation (II). h 2 = 762.6 kJ / kg + 0.984 × 2013.6 kJ / kg = 762.6 kJ / kg + 1981.3824 kJ / kg = 2744 kJ / kg Substitute 6.5132 kJ / kg ⋅ K for s 3 , 0.593 kJ / kg ⋅ K for s f 3 and 7.657 kJ / kg ⋅ K for s f g in Equation (III). 6.5132 kJ / kg ⋅ K = ( 0.593 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) + x 3 × ( 7.657 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) x 3 = ( 6.5132 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) − ( 0.593 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) ( 7.657 kJ / kg ⋅ K ) x 3 = 0.7731 Substitute 173.9 kJ / kg for h f 3 , 0.7731 for x 3 and 2403.2 kJ / kg for h f g 3 in Equation (IV). h 3 = 173.9 kJ / kg + 0.7731 × 2403.2 kJ / kg = 173.9 kJ / kg + 1857.9 kJ / kg = 2031.8 kJ / kg Substitute 173.9 kJ / kg for h 4 , 1.008 × 10 − 3 m 3 / kg for v 4 , 1000 kPa for p 5 and 8 kPa for p 4 in Equation (V). h 5 = 173.9 kJ / kg + ( 1.008 × 10 − 3 m 3 / kg ) × ( 1000 kPa − 8 kPa ) = 173

8th Edition

ISBN: 9781119391630

Author: MORAN

Publisher: WILEY

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Chapter 8.6, Problem 91P

To determine

The rate of exergy transfer.

The energy loss in cooling water.

The exergy destruction in feed water heater.

The exergy destruction in condenser.

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Chapter 8.6, Problem 90P

Chapter 8.6, Problem 92P

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Chapter 8 Solutions

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Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 3E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 4E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 5E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 6E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 7E Ch. 8.6 - 8. What is the relationship between global climate...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 9E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 10E

Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 11E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 12E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 13E Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2CU Ch. 8.6 - 3. The component of the Rankine cycle in which the...Ch. 8.6 - 4. A cycle that couples two vapor cycles so the...Ch. 8.6 - 5. The ratio of the pump work input to the work...Ch. 8.6 - 6. A shell-and-tube-type recuperator in which the...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 7CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 8CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 9CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 10CU Ch. 8.6 - 11. An example of an external irreversibility...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 12CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 13CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 14CU Ch. 8.6 - 15. A direct-contact–type heat exchanger found in...Ch. 8.6 - 16. The component of a regenerative vapor power...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 17CU Ch. 8.6 - 18. A Rankine cycle that employs an organic...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 19CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 20CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 21CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 22CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 23CU Ch. 8.6 - 24. The purpose of deaeration is ______________. Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 25CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 26CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 27CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 28CU Ch. 8.6 - 29. The total cost associated with a power plant...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 30CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 31CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 32CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 33CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 34CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 35CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 36CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 37CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 38CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 39CU Ch. 8.6 - 40. For a vapor power cycle with and , the...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 41CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 42CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 43CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 44CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 45CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 46CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 47CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 48CU Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 49CU Ch. 8.6 - 50. In a binary cycle, energy discharged by heat...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 3P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 6P Ch. 8.6 - 8.7 Water is the working fluid in an ideal Rankine...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 8P Ch. 8.6 - 8.10 Water is the working fluid in an ideal...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 12P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 13P Ch. 8.6 - 8.14 On the south coast of the island of Hawaii,...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 15P Ch. 8.6 - 8.17. Water is the working fluid in a Rankine...Ch. 8.6 - 8.19 Water is the working fluid in a Rankine...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 20P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 21P Ch. 8.6 - 8.22 Superheated steam at 8 MPa and 480°C leaves...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 23P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 25P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 26P Ch. 8.6 - 8.27 Steam is the working fluid in the ideal...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 28P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 29P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 30P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 31P Ch. 8.6 - 8.32 An ideal Rankine cycle with reheat uses water...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 33P Ch. 8.6 - 8.34 Steam at 4800 lbf/in.2, 1000℉ enters the...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 35P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 37P Ch. 8.6 - 8.38 For the cycle of Problem 8.37, reconsider the...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 39P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 40P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 41P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 42P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 43P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 44P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 45P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 46P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 47P Ch. 8.6 - 8.48 For the cycle of Problem 8.47, investigate...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 49P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 50P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 51P Ch. 8.6 - 8.52 As indicated in Fig. P8.52, a power plant...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 53P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 54P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 55P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 56P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 57P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 58P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 59P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 60P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 61P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 63P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 64P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 65P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 66P Ch. 8.6 - 8.67 Water is the working fluid in a Rankine cycle...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 68P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 69P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 70P Ch. 8.6 - 8.72 Water is the working fluid in a...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 73P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 74P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 75P Ch. 8.6 - 8.76 A binary vapor power cycle consists of two...Ch. 8.6 - A binary vapor cycle consists of two Rankine...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 78P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 79P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 80P Ch. 8.6 - 8.81 Figure P8.81 shows a combined heat and power...Ch. 8.6 - 8.82 Figure P8.82 shows a cogeneration cycle that...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 83P Ch. 8.6 - 8.84 The steam generator of a vapor power plant...Ch. 8.6 - 8.85 Determine the exergy input, in kJ per kg of...Ch. 8.6 - 8.86 In the steam generator of the cycle of...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 87P Ch. 8.6 - 8.88 Determine the rate of exergy input, in Btu/h,...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 89P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 90P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 91P Ch. 8.6 - 8.92 Figure P8.92 provides steady-state operating...Ch. 8.6 - 8.93 Steam enters the turbine of a simple vapor...

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Chapter 8 Solutions

The rate of exergy transfer.

The energy loss in cooling water.

The exergy destruction in feed water heater.

The exergy destruction in condenser.